Metal nanomaterials for optical anti-counterfeit labels

Smith, Alison F.; Skrabalak, Sara E.

doi:10.1039/c7tc00080d

Cited by 94 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Since counterfeiting has the potential to cause an adverse impact to the global economy, the need for sophisticated mitigation methods becomes more urgent. One way to authenticate manufactured components is via security tags that are based on special texture patterns and inks that are embedded under the surface of each part.…”

Section: Threat Models and Taxonomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Embedding Tracking Codes in Additive Manufactured Parts for Product Authentication

et al. 2018

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Additive manufacturing (AM) process chain relies heavily on cloud resources and software programs. Cybersecurity has become a major concern for such resources. AM produces physical components, which can be compromised for quality by many other means and can be reverse engineered for unauthorized reproduction. This work is focused on taking advantage of layer-by-layer manufacturing process of AM to embed codes inside the components and reading them using image acquisition methods. The example of a widely used QR code format is used, but the same scheme can be used for other formats or alphanumeric strings. The code is segmented in a large number of parts for obfuscation. The results show that segmentation and embedding the code in numerous layers help in eliminating the effect of embedded features on the mechanical properties of the part. Such embedded codes can be used for parts produced by fused filament fabrication, inkjet printing, and selective laser sintering technologies for product authentication and identification of counterfeits. Post processing methods such as heat treatments and hot isostatic pressing may remove or distort these codes; therefore, analysis of AM method and threat level is required to determine if the proposed strategy can be useful for a particular product.

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Section: Threat Models and Taxonomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Embedding Tracking Codes in Additive Manufactured Parts for Product Authentication

et al. 2018

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“…arXiv:1907.13229v1 [physics.app-ph] 17 Jun 2019 2 JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY esting, as they effectively boost the light-matter interaction. Indeed, the concept of plasmonic NPs has gained significant traction recently for security schemes [13]- [17]. As with most optical PUFs, however, current schemes require external components; integrated schemes have not been proposed yet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Physically Unclonable Functions From Plasmonics-Enhanced Silicon Disc Resonators

Knechtel

Gosciniak

Bojesomo

et al. 2019

J. Lightwave Technol.

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The omnipresent digitalization trend has enabled a number of related malicious activities, ranging from data theft to disruption of businesses, counterfeiting of devices, and identity fraud, among others. Hence, it is essential to implement security schemes and to ensure the reliability and trustworthiness of electronic circuits. Toward this end, the concept of physically unclonable functions (PUFs) has been established at the beginning of the 21st century. However, most PUFs have eventually, at least partially, fallen short of their promises, which are unpredictability, unclonability, uniqueness, reproducibility, and tamper resilience. That is because most PUFs directly utilize the underlying microelectronics, but that intrinsic randomness can be limited and may thus be predicted, especially by machine learning. Optical PUFs, in contrast, are still considered as promising-they can derive strong, hard-to-predict randomness independently from microelectronics, by using some kind of "optical token." Here we propose a novel concept for plasmonics-enhanced optical PUFs, or peo-PUFs in short. For the first time, we leverage two highly nonlinear phenomena in conjunction by construction: (i) light propagation in a silicon disk resonator, and (ii) surface plasmons arising from nanoparticles arranged randomly on top of the resonator. We elaborate on the physical phenomena, provide simulation results, and conduct a security analysis of peo-PUFs for secure key generation and authentication. This study highlights the good potential of peo-PUFs, and our future work is to focus on fabrication and characterization of such PUFs.

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“…Meanwhile, preparation of largearea micro-nano structure [40,41], regulation of structural morphology and size [42][43][44], and the correlation between performance and structural parameters [45][46][47] have become hot topics in the research of new functional materials. At present, both the "top-down" micro-nano structure processing technology and the "bottom-up" micro-nano structure synthesis assembly technology have their own technical limitations in pattern construction [48,49], so further research of the preparation method and mechanism of nanostructure arrays are needed, especially for security [50][51][52]. is review will focus on recent developments in fabrication method of micro-nano structures for patterns and summarizes the pattern construction in anti-counterfeiting by inkjet printing technology, ink responsiveness method, photomask technology, electromagnetic responsiveness method, stress responsiveness method, surface wrinkles technology, plasmonic micro-nano technology, and nally make predictions of future research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Micro–Nano Structure with Variable Colour: Applications for Anti-Counterfeiting

Liu¹,

Xie²,

Shen³

et al. 2019

Advances in Polymer Technology

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Colour patterns based on micro-nano structure have attracted enormous research interests due to unique optical switches and smart surface applications in photonic crystal, superhydrophobic surface modification, controlled adhesion, inkjet printing, biological detection, supramolecular self-assembly, anti-counterfeiting, optical device and other fields. In traditional methods, many patterns of micro-nano structure are derived from changes of refractive index or lattice parameters. Generally, the refractive index and lattice parameters of photonic crystals are processed by common solvents, salts or reactive monomers under specific electric, magnetic and stress conditions. This review focuses on the recent developments in the fabrication of micro-nano structures for patterns including styles, materials, methods and characteristics. It summarized the advantages and disadvantages of inkjet printing, angle-independent photonic crystal, self-assembled photonic crystals by magnetic field force, gravity, electric field, inverse opal photonic crystal, electron beam etching, ion beam etching, laser holographic lithography, imprinting technology and surface wrinkle technology, etc. This review will provide a summary on designing micro-nano patterns and details on patterns composed of photonic crystals by surface wrinkles technology and plasmonic micro-nano technology. In addition, colour patterns as switches are fabricated with good stability and reproducibility in anti-counterfeiting application. Finally, there will be a conclusion and an outlook on future perspectives.

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Metal nanomaterials for optical anti-counterfeit labels

Abstract: The global economic, security, and health challenges presented by counterfeit goods require new approaches toward anti-counterfeit labels.

Cited by 94 publications

References 25 publications

Embedding Tracking Codes in Additive Manufactured Parts for Product Authentication

Embedding Tracking Codes in Additive Manufactured Parts for Product Authentication

Toward Physically Unclonable Functions From Plasmonics-Enhanced Silicon Disc Resonators

Functional Micro–Nano Structure with Variable Colour: Applications for Anti-Counterfeiting

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