Metal–Organic Framework@Microporous Organic Network: Hydrophobic Adsorbents with a Crystalline Inner Porosity

Chun, Jiseul; Kang, Sungah; Park, Nojin; Park, Eun Ji; Jin, Xing; Kim, Kwang-Dae; Seo, Hyun Ook; Lee, Sang Moon; Kim, Hae Jin; Kwon, Woo Hyun; Park, Young-Kwon; Kim, Ji Man; Kim, Young Dok; Son, Seung Uk

doi:10.1021/ja500362w

Cited by 215 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…This review offers a comprehensive overview of the state of the art in hydrophobic MOF synthesis and the field's challenges and opportunities. Various synthetic strategies for preparing hydrophobic MOFs and their composites are introduced . We discuss the basics of wetting and critical challenges in the characterization of these hydrophobic materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrophobic Metal–Organic Frameworks

et al. 2019

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formed from organic ligands and metal cations. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] They are typically synthesized under mild conditions via coordinationdirected self-assembly processes and are also known as metal-organic coordination networks and porous coordination polymers. [11][12][13][14] Due to their high surface areas, large porosity, tunable pore sizes, and functionalities, MOFs have prospective applications in fields such as gas storage/separation, sensing or recognition, proton conduction, and magnetism. [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] However, the advantageous unique structural features of even some of the best-performing MOFs are readily degraded because of their high moisture sensitivity, which may limit their practical applications. [29][30][31][32] Consequently, there is an ongoing search for highly hydrophobic, porous, sorbent materials to be employed in various large-scale applications in industry such as oil spill cleanup, hydrocarbon storage/separation, or water purification. [33][34][35][36][37] Many academics, industrial scientists, and engineers have therefore conducted research on the fabrication of superhydrophobic surfaces, which involves hydrophobic surface modification and creating surface roughness on the micrometer-or nanoscale. Hydrophobic surfaces are defined as substrates with an apparent contact angle greater than 90° with respect to water. On superhydrophobic materials, water droplets have contact angles above 150° and show very low adhesion because the drops partially rest on an air cushion. The surface energy and roughness govern the wettability of hydrophobic surfaces. In general, lower surface energies and higher roughness are associated with larger contact angles, lower contact angle hysteresis, and robust superhydrophobicity. Because of their ultralow surface energies (10-20 mN m −1 ), alkyl-based or fluorinated compounds are commonly used as hydrophobic modifiers to prepare surfaces with high intrinsic contact angles (>90°). [33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42] Recently, few methods have been developed for synthesizing hydrophobic MOFs including both pristine and composite systems. This review offers a comprehensive overview of the state of the art in hydrophobic MOF synthesis and the field's challenges and opportunities. Various synthetic strategies for preparing hydrophobic MOFs and their composites are introduced. We discuss the basics of wetting and critical challenges in the characterization of these hydrophobic materials. The potential applications of hydrophobic MOFs and related Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have diverse potential applications in catalysis, gas storage, separation, and drug delivery because of their nanoscale periodicity, permanent porosity, channel functionalization, and structural diversity. Despite these promising properties, the inherent structural features of even some of the best-performing MOFs make them moisture-sensitive and unstable in aqueous media, limiting their practical usefulness. This problem could be ...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrophobic Metal–Organic Frameworks

et al. 2019

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“…Core-shell structures can be exploited to control particle surface properties,which are important in applications such as gas storage and separation. [20] Contact angles with water for cage crystals (1-3 mmd iameter) gradually increased from 55.68 AE 2.58 8 (CC19-RS)t o7 8.71 AE 0.808 8 (CC3-RS)t o8 3.06 AE 3.048 8 (CC3-R/CC15-S)a st he constituent cage materials become more hydrophobic ( Figure S20). CC3-RS core /CC19-RS shell shows acontact angle of 59.71 AE 6.58 8:that is,very close to the pure,relatively hydrophilic CC19 material (Figure 4a), showing that the shell dominates the surface properties.…”

Section: Angewandte Chemiementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Core–shell structures can be exploited to control particle surface properties, which are important in applications such as gas storage and separation 20. Contact angles with water for cage crystals (1–3 μm diameter) gradually increased from 55.68±2.5° ( CC19 ‐ RS ) to 78.71±0.80° ( CC3 ‐ RS ) to 83.06±3.04° ( CC3 ‐ R / CC15 ‐ S ) as the constituent cage materials become more hydrophobic (Figure S20).…”

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confidence: 99%

Core–Shell Crystals of Porous Organic Cages

Jiang

Marcello

et al. 2018

Angew Chem Int Ed

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The first examples of core–shell porous molecular crystals are described. The physical properties of the core–shell crystals, such as surface hydrophobicity, CO2 /CH4 selectivity, are controlled by the chemical composition of the shell. This shows that porous core–shell molecular crystals can exhibit synergistic properties that out‐perform materials built from the individual, constituent molecules.

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“…For example, UiO‐66 particles were utilized as the templates and coated with different microporous organic networks (MON‐1, MON‐2, MON‐3, and MON‐4). After being etched by HF solution, hollow‐structured H‐MON‐1, H‐MON‐2, H‐MON‐3, and H‐MON‐4 were successfully prepared …”

Section: Preparation Of Hollow Mof Micro/nanostructures and Their Dermentioning

confidence: 99%

Hollow Metal–Organic‐Framework Micro/Nanostructures and their Derivatives: Emerging Multifunctional Materials

et al. 2018

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The ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article can be found under https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201803291.Hollow metal-organic framework (MOF) micro/nanostructures and their derivatives are attracting a great amount of research interest in recent years because their hierarchical porous structures not only provide abundant, easily accessed metal sites but also endow 3D channels for rapid mass transport. As a result, they demonstrate significant advantages in many applications including catalysis, gas sensors, batteries, supercapacitors, and so on. Nevertheless, studies on hollow MOFs and their derivatives are still at the beginning of this field, and the relationship between their structures and application performances is not yet reviewed comprehensively. Herein, the synthetic strategies and practical applications of hollow micro/nanostructured MOFs and their derivatives are summarized, and their corresponding prospects are also discussed.

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Metal–Organic Framework@Microporous Organic Network: Hydrophobic Adsorbents with a Crystalline Inner Porosity

Cited by 215 publications

References 68 publications

Hydrophobic Metal–Organic Frameworks

Hydrophobic Metal–Organic Frameworks

Core–Shell Crystals of Porous Organic Cages

Hollow Metal–Organic‐Framework Micro/Nanostructures and their Derivatives: Emerging Multifunctional Materials

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