“…As a result, transition metal-based electrocatalysts, recognized for their abundance, exceptional catalytic performance, stability, and tunable electronic properties, have received much attention. Research has increasingly focused on these materials, exploring a variety of compounds, including MOF/MOF-derived materials, 13,14 MXenes, 15 oxides, 16 sulfides, nitrides, and borides, due to their promising characteristics for ORR and OER applications.…”