“…Figure b shows the partial enlarged detail, we can find that the onset decomposition temperature of the initial HMA is 423.5 °C, and that of the HMA treated with a 60 °C hydrothermal treatment is 420.3 °C. This phenomenon indicates that the thermal stability of HMA decreases after a 60 °C hydrothermal treatment. , On the other hand, in the process of hydrothermal impregnation, the HMA absorbs water and expands, creating a shear stress at the bonding interface, and water accumulates at the interface of the steel fiber/HMA composite, generating osmotic pressure; the existence of these stresses will inevitably lead to the bonding interface and the HMA itself being part of the molecular chain and molecular bond fracture, so that the material produces cracks within the cracks, and as time passes, the cracks continue to grow and finally make the interface damage; if the water in the environment at this time enters the cracks, the two will interact and promote each other, which will inevitably accelerate the destruction of the interface greatly. Higher temperatures accelerate the entry of water molecules into the interface, promoting hydrolysis and aging of the bonded interface components, leading to reduced interfacial bond strength.…”