Metal–Organic Frameworks‐Based Nanoplatforms for the Theranostic Applications of Neurological Diseases

Abstract

Neurological diseases are the foremost cause of disability and the second leading cause of death worldwide. Owing to the special microenvironment of neural tissues and biological characteristics of neural cells, a considerable number of neurological disorders are currently incurable. In the past few years, the development of nanoplatforms based on metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) has broadened opportunities for offering sensitive diagnosis/monitoring and effective therapy of neurology‐related diseases. In this article, the obstacles for neurotherapeutics, including delayed diagnosis and misdiagnosis, the existence of blood brain barrier (BBB), off‐target treatment, irrepressible inflammatory storm/oxidative stress, and irreversible nerve cell death are summarized. Correspondingly, MOFs‐based diagnostic/monitoring strategies such as neuroimaging and biosensors (electrochemistry, fluorometry, colorimetry, electrochemiluminescence, etc.) and MOFs‐based therapeutic strategies including higher BBB permeability, targeting specific lesion sites, attenuation of neuroinflammation/oxidative stress as well as regeneration of nerve cells, are extensively highlighted for the management of neurological diseases. Finally, the challenges of the present research from perspective of clinical translation are discussed, hoping to facilitate interdisciplinary studies at the intersections between MOFs‐based nanoplatforms and neurotheranostics.

Metal–organic framework-based platforms for implantation applications: recent advances and challenges

“…In recent years, MOFs have been applied in the treatment of neuro-related diseases. [53][54][55] Compared with traditional nanomaterials, MOFs have obvious advantages. First, their relatively weak coordination bonds make MOFs degradable under complex physiological conditions, which can play the function of stimulating reactive drug delivery systems while avoiding long-term accumulation and potential toxicity in vivo.…”

Amyloid detection in neurodegenerative diseases using MOFs

“…157 The integration of MOFs into PEC platforms holds significant promise for the development of ultrasensitive and selective biosensors, particularly for amyloid diseases. 158…”

Metal–Organic Frameworks for Nerve Repair and Neural Stem Cell Therapy

“…Over the years, there has been increasing interest in the utilization of MOF NPs or MOF nanocomposites in the field of nerve tissue engineering. [ 58 ] Well‐designed nano‐MOFs exhibit high porosity, structural stability, biodegradability, and low cytotoxicity, making them advantageous for treating neurological diseases and injuries and serving as promising candidates for promoting nerve repair and regeneration. [ 59 ] Specialized designed functional MOFs have demonstrated positive effects on nerve repair, including scavenging active oxygen free radicals, inhibiting early inflammatory reactions, promoting angiogenesis, accelerating cell migration, and proliferation, as well as facilitating axonal extension.…”