“…Novel nanomaterials with unique chemical and physical properties have been widely employed to develop fluorescence assay for Ops, such as quantum dots (QDs), 16,18,21,24,25 nanocrystal, 17,19,20 graphene, 22 and metal organic frameworks. 23 Based on the AChE-inhibition strategy, Liu et al 13 presented a sensitive rhodamine B-covered gold nanoparticle (AuNPs)-based assay with dual readouts for detecting OPs and carbamate pesticides. The fluorescent readout was a "signal-off" type assay based on released organic dyes by thiocholine through replacement; therefore, the detection limit of the fluorescent and naked eyes were identical (0.1 μg/L).…”