Metal oxide analogue of metal alloy catalysts

Synthesis of Na-Stabilized Nonporous t-ZrO2 Supports and Pt/t-ZrO2 Catalysts and Application to Water-Gas-Shift Reaction

“…ZrO 2 has been widely used as both a catalyst and a catalyst support material because of its high thermal stability and unique acidic and basic properties . As a catalyst, ZrO 2 has been used to catalyze reactions including the dehydration of alcohols, , hydrogenation of CO − and olefins, and isomerization of olefins. , As a catalyst support, ZrO 2 has been applied successfully for various reactions such as methanol synthesis, steam reforming, and epoxidation of olefins . ZrO 2 exists primarily in three different polymorphs at ambient pressure: monoclinic (m-ZrO 2 , room temperature-1175 °C), tetragonal (t-ZrO 2 , 1175–2370 °C), and cubic (c-ZrO 2 , 2370–2680 °C) .…”

Detrimental Effect and Neutralization of in Situ Produced Water on Zirconia Nanoparticles Obtained by a Nonaqueous Sol–Gel Method

“…Among the usual polymorphs, the tetragonal polymorph t-ZrO 2 is believed to possess the highest catalytic activity. [15][16][17][18][19][20][21] For the preparation of inorganic materials with well-defined morphologies, soft chemistry syntheses are preferred to the solid-state chemistry methodology. Over the past two decades, several chemical methods have been developed for the preparation of zirconia nanocrystals, including sol-gel, thermal decomposition, aqueous precipitation with or without hydrothermal treatment, and recently a two-phase approach based on the phase transfer and a separation mechanism.…”