Metal Oxide Semiconductor Gas Sensors for Lung Cancer Diagnosis

Li, Guangyao; Zhu, Xitong; Liu, Junlong; Li, Shuyang; Liu, Xiaolong

doi:10.3390/chemosensors11040251

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 202 publications

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“…The differential approach removes the baseline DC current, allowing higher dynamic range and higher accuracy. It removes the baseline drift-a major issue in the field of gas sensors [18,19].…”

Section: Gmos Sensormentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Miniature and Selective CMOS Gas Sensor for Gas Mixture Analysis—Part 4: The Effect of Humidity

Avraham,

Krayden,

Ashkar

et al. 2024

Micromachines

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This is the fourth part of a study presenting a miniature, combustion-type gas sensor (dubbed GMOS) based on a novel thermal sensor (dubbed TMOS). The TMOS is a micromachined CMOS-SOI transistor, which acts as the sensing element and is integrated with a catalytic reaction plate, where ignition of the gas takes place. The GMOS measures the temperature change due to a combustion exothermic reaction. The controlling parameters of the sensor are the ignition temperature applied to the catalytic layer and the increased temperature of the hotplate due to the released power of the combustion reaction. The solid-state device applies electrical parameters, which are related to the thermal parameters. The heating is applied by Joule heating with a resistor underneath the catalytic layer while the signal is monitored by the change in voltage of the TMOS sensor. Voltage, like temperature, is an intensive parameter, and one always measures changes in such parameters relative to a reference point. The reference point for both parameters (temperature and voltage) is the blind sensor, without any catalytic layer and hence where no reaction takes place. The present paper focuses on the study of the effect of humidity upon performance. In real life, the sensors are exposed to environmental parameters, where humidity plays a significant role. Humidity is high in storage rooms of fruits and vegetables, in refrigerators, in silos, in fields as well as in homes and cars. This study is significant and innovative since it extends our understanding of the performance of the GMOS, as well as pellistor sensors in general, in the presence of humidity. The three main challenges in simulating the performance are (i) how to define the operating temperature based on the input parameters of the heater voltage in the presence of humidity; (ii) how to measure the dynamics of the temperature increase during cyclic operation at a given duty cycle; and (iii) how to model the correlation between the operating temperature and the sensing response in the presence of humidity. Due to the complexity of the 3D analysis of packaged GMOS, and the many aspects of humidity simultanoesuly affecting performane, advanced simulation software is applied, incorporating computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The simulation and experimental data of this study show that the GMOS sensor can operate in the presence of high humidity.

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Section: Gmos Sensormentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Miniature and Selective CMOS Gas Sensor for Gas Mixture Analysis—Part 4: The Effect of Humidity

Avraham,

Krayden,

Ashkar

et al. 2024

Micromachines

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show abstract

“…Toluene has been identified as a biomarker for lung cancer, and thus the detection of toluene may serve as an indication of the existence of lung cancer [ 82 ]. A new 2D nanocomposite comprised of Pt/Ti 3 C 2 T x -carbon nanotube was synthesized and tested for quick diagnosis of lung cancer [ 83 ].…”

Section: Sensing Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Electrochemical Sensors Based on Transition Metal Carbides and Oxides: Synthesis and Applications

Mashhadian,

Jian,

Tian

et al. 2023

Micromachines

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Sensors play vital roles in industry and healthcare due to the significance of controlling the presence of different substances in industrial processes, human organs, and the environment. Electrochemical sensors have gained more attention recently than conventional sensors, including optical fibers, chromatography devices, and chemiresistors, due to their better versatility, higher sensitivity and selectivity, and lower complexity. Herein, we review transition metal carbides (TMCs) and transition metal oxides (TMOs) as outstanding materials for electrochemical sensors. We navigate through the fabrication processes of TMCs and TMOs and reveal the relationships among their synthesis processes, morphological structures, and sensing performance. The state-of-the-art biological, gas, and hydrogen peroxide electrochemical sensors based on TMCs and TMOs are reviewed, and potential challenges in the field are suggested. This review can help others to understand recent advancements in electrochemical sensors based on transition metal oxides and carbides.

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“…These studies have been focused on the following main goals: the identification of a single VOC as the unique biomarker of lung cancer (such as acetone as an indicator of lung cancer and other illnesses) [118], and the development of medical device prototypes and electronic noses with MOX materials with different structures [119,120], improving their sensitivity and selectivity [121]. However, despite the potential of MOX gas sensors in detecting VOCs in exhaled breath [122,123], there is currently no universal marker for lung cancer [124]. As an example, a set-up based on a ZnO nanosheet chemoresistive sensor, an Arduino system, and a Bluetooth module connected to a smartphone that was realized by Salimi et al [123] has been conceived to detect VOCs in breath (Figure 16).…”

Section: Tumor Screeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of Gas Sensors Focusing on Chemoresistive Ones for Cancer Detection

Zonta,

Rispoli,

Malagù

et al. 2023

Chemosensors

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The necessity of detecting and recognizing gases is crucial in many research and application fields, boosting, in the last years, their continuously evolving technology. The basic detection principle of gas sensors relies on the conversion of gas concentration changes into a readable signal that can be analyzed to calibrate sensors to detect specific gases or mixtures. The large variety of gas sensor types is here examined in detail, along with an accurate description of their fundamental characteristics and functioning principles, classified based on their working mechanisms (electrochemical, resonant, optical, chemoresistive, capacitive, and catalytic). This review is particularly focused on chemoresistive sensors, whose electrical resistance changes because of chemical reactions between the gas and the sensor surface, and, in particular, we focus on the ones developed by us and their applications in the medical field as an example of the technological transfer of this technology to medicine. Nowadays, chemoresistive sensors are, in fact, strong candidates for the implementation of devices for the screening and monitoring of tumors (the second worldwide cause of death, with ~9 million deaths) and other pathologies, with promising future perspectives that are briefly discussed as well.

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Metal Oxide Semiconductor Gas Sensors for Lung Cancer Diagnosis

Cited by 20 publications

References 202 publications

A Novel Miniature and Selective CMOS Gas Sensor for Gas Mixture Analysis—Part 4: The Effect of Humidity

A Novel Miniature and Selective CMOS Gas Sensor for Gas Mixture Analysis—Part 4: The Effect of Humidity

An Overview of Electrochemical Sensors Based on Transition Metal Carbides and Oxides: Synthesis and Applications

Overview of Gas Sensors Focusing on Chemoresistive Ones for Cancer Detection

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