Metal oxides as buffer layers for CZTS based solar cells: A numerical analysis by SCAPS-1D software

Maharana, Basudeba; Jha, Rajan; Chatterjee, Shyamal

doi:10.1016/j.optmat.2022.112734

Cited by 26 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The optimizing thickness of the buffer layer in the CTZ system is 0.1

\text{μm}

, in CMZ, it is 0.2

\text{μm}

, and in the CWZ system is 0.02

\text{μm}

. [ 29,36–38 ] Mo/MoS 2 /CZTS/ZnO/i‐ZnO/n‐ZnO is proposed by Al Zoubi et al, in which a ZnO buffer layer is used, and their subsequent exploration of the distinctive parameters of the absorber and buffer layer such as thickness, bandgap energy, and carrier concentration. Figure 5 displays all the results.…”

Section: Metal Oxide Buffer Layer Of Czts Solar Cellmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of Copper Zinc Tin Sulfide Solar Cells with Various Buffers Using SCAPS‐1D

Zhang,

Chan,

2023

Physica Status Solidi (b)

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Recently, researchers have shown a strong interest in research on quaternary semiconductor copper zinc tin sulfide (CZTS) photovoltaic cells. These cells have a high absorption coefficient, a direct bandgap, and excellent electrical properties. However, the toxicity of cadmium (Cd) in the cadmium sulfide (CdS) buffer layer in standard CZTS solar cells, can generate severe environmental contamination that is hazardous to humans. As a result, building a Cd‐free CZTS solar cell is critical. Meanwhile, given that the peak power conversion efficiency of CZTS solar cells stands at a modest 11%, this study is dedicated to identifying an optimal approach for replacing the environmentally hazardous CdS layers to enhance overall efficiency. SCAPS‐1D is a one‐dimensional solar cell simulation program commonly used to examine proposed solar cells without building them. This study highlights the performance of CZTS with various nontoxic buffer layers, as well as the key results obtained through numerical research with SCAPS‐1D.

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“…The optimizing thickness of the buffer layer in the CTZ system is 0.1

\text{μm}

, in CMZ, it is 0.2

\text{μm}

, and in the CWZ system is 0.02

\text{μm}

Section: Metal Oxide Buffer Layer Of Czts Solar Cellmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of Copper Zinc Tin Sulfide Solar Cells with Various Buffers Using SCAPS‐1D

Zhang,

Chan,

2023

Physica Status Solidi (b)

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“…There are still possibilities intended to further development of the outputs of CZTS PV cells according to the Shockly–Queisser limit 47 . In the previous works, remarkable improvement in the PV performances of TFSCs is realized by swapping the conventional toxic CdS buffer layer with nontoxic buffer materials 48,49 . In the present research, we have employed the tungsten disulfide (WS 2 ) as a buffer layer substitute to the traditional CdS buffer with the CZTS absorber.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…47 In the previous works, remarkable improvement in the PV performances of TFSCs is realized by swapping the conventional toxic CdS buffer layer with nontoxic buffer materials. 48,49 In the present research, we have employed the tungsten disulfide (WS 2 ) as a buffer layer substitute to the traditional CdS buffer with the CZTS absorber. Due to excellent optoelectronic and electro-chemical properties, the WS 2 as a buffer layer alternative to CdS buffer has previously been utilized in the CIGS and CdTe TFSCs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance evaluation of WS₂ as buffer and Sb₂S₃ as hole transport layer in CZTS solar cell by numerical simulation

Riyad

Sunny

Khatun

et al. 2022

Engineering Reports

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This study reports on performance enhancement of a Cu2ZnSnS4 solar cell introducing Sb2S3 as hole transport layer (HTL) along WS2 as buffer layer. We have investigated photovoltaic (PV) characteristics by utilizing SCAPS‐1D. A comparative analysis on PV performances between conventional CZTS/CdS and proposed Ni/Sb2S3/CZTS/WS2/FTO/Al solar cells is presented. It is revealed that “spike like” band structure at the CZTS/WS2 interface having smaller conduction band offset makes it potential alternative to commonly used CdS buffer. This report also evaluates that the Sb2S3 as an HTL inserted at the rear of CZTS enhances performances by reducing carrier recombination at back interface with appropriate band alignment. The impacts of thickness, carrier concentration of different layers, and bulk defect density in CZTS as well as the interface defects on cell outputs are analyzed. The influences of temperature, work function, and cell resistances are also examined. Optimum absorber thickness of 1.0 μm along doping density of 1017 cm−3 is selected. A maximum efficiency of 30.63% is achieved for the optimized CZTS cell. Therefore, these results suggest that Sb2S3 as HTL and WS2 as buffer layer can be employed effectively to develop highly efficient and low‐cost CZTS solar cells.

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“…Due to their high aspect ratio and large surface area, 1D nanostructures have much better sensing performance than thin films. , They have a higher sensitivity, a more comprehensive limit of detection, a lower ambient operating temperature, and a faster response. , Tungsten oxide (WO 3 ) NRs and hydrogen titanate nanotubes (HTNTs) show excellent mechanical strength and elasticity. Tungsten oxide usually is an n-type semiconductor having a bandgap (2.6–3.0) eV . The major challenge with tungsten oxide is its poor electrical conductivity and its instability in the aqueous solution .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tungsten oxide usually is an n-type semiconductor having a bandgap (2.6−3.0) eV. 15 The major challenge with tungsten oxide is its poor electrical conductivity 16 and its instability in the aqueous solution. 17 The fabrication process of such metal oxide-based sensors is a bit delicate as their properties depend on synthesis and deposition processes.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Core–Shell Nanostructures of Tungsten Oxide and Hydrogen Titanate for H₂ Gas Adsorption

Rajbhar

Das

Möller

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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Nanostructured tungsten oxide is a promising material for sensing reducing gases such as hydrogen. However, this material exhibits limitations due to a poor response toward sensing at room temperature, incomplete recovery to the initial state, long response time, and a low response factor, which is not desired for explosive gases like hydrogen. In this work, we, for the first time, demonstrate that these limitations can be significantly overcome using the core–shell structure of tungsten oxide (WO3) nanorods and hydrogen titanate (H2Ti3O7) nanotubes developed and suitably defect-engineered by low-energy ion irradiation. The sensor based on the pristine core–shell heterostructure of tungsten oxide nanorods and hydrogen titanate nanotubes exhibits excellent response and selectivity to different concentrations of H2 ranging from 10 to 500 ppm. However, it requires a quite high temperature of 300 °C with response and recovery times of about 38 and 99.8 s, respectively. After irradiation, the hybrid form shows a similar level of response and selectivity, however, at a much lower temperature of about 120 °C with significantly faster response and recovery times of about 16 and 18 s, respectively. Such an ion beam-modified structure addresses critical issues of developing a gas-sensing device, such as the effects of moisture and power consumption. The experimental observations are very well in agreement with the predictions of the state-of-the-art Monte Carlo-based TRI3DYN ion-solid interaction simulation, and the gas-sensing mechanism was explained using first principles-based calculation. The study reveals that low-energy ion-induced defect engineering yields better charge transport, better binding of the gas with the surface, as well as the superior moisture-repelling ability of the surface, leading to better sensing performance than the pristine core-shell structure. This heterostructure between two nanomaterials carries complementary advantages in various aspects, such as the surface area, conductivity, and sensitivity toward a wide range and mixture of gases. Additionally, the wrapping yields good mechanical strength and flexibility, making it possible to use as a flexible sensing device made through a bottom-up fabrication technique.

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Metal oxides as buffer layers for CZTS based solar cells: A numerical analysis by SCAPS-1D software

Cited by 26 publications

References 40 publications

Modeling of Copper Zinc Tin Sulfide Solar Cells with Various Buffers Using SCAPS‐1D

Modeling of Copper Zinc Tin Sulfide Solar Cells with Various Buffers Using SCAPS‐1D

Performance evaluation of WS₂ as buffer and Sb₂S₃ as hole transport layer in CZTS solar cell by numerical simulation

Core–Shell Nanostructures of Tungsten Oxide and Hydrogen Titanate for H₂ Gas Adsorption

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Metal oxides as buffer layers for CZTS based solar cells: A numerical analysis by SCAPS-1D software

Cited by 26 publications

References 40 publications

Modeling of Copper Zinc Tin Sulfide Solar Cells with Various Buffers Using SCAPS‐1D

Modeling of Copper Zinc Tin Sulfide Solar Cells with Various Buffers Using SCAPS‐1D

Performance evaluation of WS2 as buffer and Sb2S3 as hole transport layer in CZTS solar cell by numerical simulation

Core–Shell Nanostructures of Tungsten Oxide and Hydrogen Titanate for H2 Gas Adsorption

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Product

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Performance evaluation of WS₂ as buffer and Sb₂S₃ as hole transport layer in CZTS solar cell by numerical simulation

Core–Shell Nanostructures of Tungsten Oxide and Hydrogen Titanate for H₂ Gas Adsorption