Solid colloidal particles of size from 10 to 1000 Nanometre are known as Nanoparticles. Nanoparticles contribute many benefits to bigger particles such as enhanced surface-to-volume ratio and enhanced magnetic properties. Over the last few years, there has been an undeviating growing interest in using nanoparticles in different biomedical applications such as targeted drug delivery, hyperthermia, photo ablation therapy, bio imaging, and biosensors. Iron oxide nanoparticles have dominated applications, such as drug delivery, hyperthermia, bio imaging, cell labelling, and gene delivery, because of their superior properties such as chemical stability, non-toxicity, biocompatibility, high saturation magnetization, and high magnetic susceptibility. In this paper, biomedical applications of two different types of nanoparticles metal oxide nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes are discussed.