Metal–Phenolic Networks for Chronic Wounds Therapy

Abstract

Chronic wounds are recalcitrant complications of a variety of diseases, with pathologic features including bacterial infection, persistent inflammation, and proliferation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in the wound microenvironment. Currently, the use of antimicrobial drugs, debridement, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, and other methods in clinical for chronic wound treatment is prone to problems such as bacterial resistance, wound expansion, and even exacerbation. In recent years, researchers have proposed many novel materials for the treatment of chronic wounds targeting the disease characteristics, among which metal-phenolic networks (MPNs) are supramolecular network structures that utilize multivalent metal ions and natural polyphenols complexed through ligand bonds. They have a flexible and versatile combination of structural forms and a variety of formations (nanoparticles, coatings, hydrogels, etc.) that can be constructed. Functionally, MPNs combine the chemocatalytic and bactericidal properties of metal ions as well as the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of polyphenol compounds. Together with the excellent properties of rapid synthesis and negligible cytotoxicity, MPNs have attracted researchers' great attention in biomedical fields such as anti-tumor, anti-bacterial, and anti-inflammatory. This paper will focus on the composition of MPNs, the mechanisms of MPNs for the treatment of chronic wounds, and the application of MPNs in novel chronic wound therapies.

Exploring Caffeic Acid and Lignosulfonate as Key Phenolic Ligands for Metal-Phenolic Network Assembly

“…In the future, the properties of the MPNs could be further tuned by using different metal ions or derivatizing CaAc. We expect the MPNs to exhibit antibacterial properties due to the antibacterial traits of CaAc and LS, which could be useful for various applications in medical fields. ,, Maybe the Fe 3+ in the MPNs can be partially reduced by the phenols and mediate the Fenton reaction, which is known to exhibit antibacterial effects. , However, further research is needed to prove this assumption.…”

“… 15 , 41 , 42 Maybe the Fe 3+ in the MPNs can be partially reduced by the phenols and mediate the Fenton reaction, which is known to exhibit antibacterial effects. 43 , 44 However, further research is needed to prove this assumption.…”