Metal Powder Production Methods

Capus, Joseph

doi:10.1016/b978-1-85617-174-8.50007-3

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Powder metallurgy (PM) brass materials have been investigated because of their high corrosion resistance, diamagnetism, electrical and thermal conductivities, unique deformability and excellent ductility which make them useful for numerous applications, particularly in the electrical and automotive industries. [1][2][3][4] Prealloyed brass powders are commonly produced by water atomisation with the composition of 10, 20 and 30 wt-%Zn and in part with further alloying elements. Sintering of prealloyed powder is frequently done at temperatures between solidus and liquidus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New concept in analysis of supersolidus liquid phase sintering of alpha brass

2014

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The present study focuses on modelling, optimisation and experimental investigation into properties and microstructure of supersolidus liquid phase sintered Cu-28Zn brass from prealloyed powder. The experiments are designed using response surface methodology based on central composite rotatable design to evaluate the effect of process variables on liquid phase sintering of prealloyed brass powder. Three variables namely temperature, time and atmosphere were changed during sintering. The mathematical equations were derived to predict densification and impact energy using second order regression analysis. The optimum condition was predicted when the sintering variables were set at about 876uC, 43 min and N 2 atmosphere. Selecting optimum sintering parameters is an important factor for achieving improved properties and relatively homogeneous microstructure. Gravitational force has a detrimental influence on homogeneity which is reflected by a graded structure that is formed especially at higher sintering temperature and extended time. Also structural coarsening occurs at higher sintering temperatures and longer times. It is concluded that both gravitational effect and structural coarsening should be considered in manufacturing of Cu-28Zn alloy parts. Furthermore, a combination of modelling and experimental investigation provide a new concept for better understanding and analysing the sintering process of brass and related structures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New concept in analysis of supersolidus liquid phase sintering of alpha brass

2014

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“…To calculate the time needed to heat the fresh gas and be on the safe side, some assumptions were made. (1) The temperature of the external wall of the gas tank was considered equal to the targeted temperature although it is higher in reality. (2) Heat transfer through tank wall was considered as steady-state one-dimensional conduction.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 9 summarises the X fine values derived by Equation (1). The trend to produce finer particles at the hot set of parameters (P 0 = 3 × 10 5 Pa (3 bar), T 0 = 903.15 K (630°C)) amounts to about 10% for d 50 , d 90 , while rises to 75% for d 10 , as an outcome of 188.5% higher absolute gas temperature T 0 and 25% less absolute gas pressure P 0 (P 0 = 4 × 10 5 Pa (4 bar), T 0 = 313 K ( 40°C)).…”

Section: The Particle Size Distribution Of Atomised Powdermentioning

confidence: 99%

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The influence of gas pressure and temperature on the characteristics of aluminium powder produced by a novel low-pressure hot gas atomisation process

Tsirlis

Michailidis

2021

Powder Metallurgy

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A new low-pressure hot gas atomisation method exploiting the Venturi phenomenon is presented. The working gas is accelerated into a Venturi nozzle and is mixed with the molten metal that is atomised to transform to fine particles. The current work explores the case of pure aluminium that is atomised by carbon dioxide flowing through the Venturi nozzle, while the effect of operating gas temperature and pressure on the particle diameter distribution is investigated. At low temperatures, there is an almost linear relationship between the particle size and the gas pressure with a trend to produce smaller particles at higher gas pressures. This trend cannot be generalised at higher temperatures. The finer powder with average diameter d 50 of 129 µm and diametric range ΔH of 362 µm was produced at an operating gas pressure of 3 × 10 5 Pa (3 bar) and temperature of 903.15 K (630°C).

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Porous metal implants: processing, properties, and challenges

Bandyopadhyay

Mitra

Avila

et al. 2023

Int. J. Extrem. Manuf.

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Porous and functionally graded materials have seen extensive applications in modern biomedical devices – allowing for improved site-specific performance; their appreciable mechanical, corrosive, and biocompatible properties are highly sought after for lightweight and high-strength load-bearing orthopedic and dental implants. Examples of such porous materials are metals, ceramics, and polymers. Although easy to manufacture and lightweight, porous polymers do not inherently exhibit the necessary mechanical strength needed for hard tissue repair or replacement. Alternatively, porous ceramics are brittle and do not possess the required fatigue resistance. On the other hand, porous biocompatible metals have shown tailorable strength, fatigue resistance, and toughness. Thereby, a significant interest in investigating the manufacturing issues of porous metals has taken place in recent years. Research has shown that once the advantages of porous metallic structures in the orthopedic implant industry have been realized, their biological and biomechanical compatibility – with the host bone – has been followed up with extensive research. Various manufacturing methods for porous or functionally graded metals are discussed and compared in this review, specifically, how the manufacturing process influences microstructure, graded composition, porosity, biocompatibility, and mechanical properties. Most of the studies discussed in this review are related to porous structures for bone implant applications; however, the understanding of these investigations may also be extended to other devices beyond the biomedical field.

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Metal Powder Production Methods

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

New concept in analysis of supersolidus liquid phase sintering of alpha brass

New concept in analysis of supersolidus liquid phase sintering of alpha brass

The influence of gas pressure and temperature on the characteristics of aluminium powder produced by a novel low-pressure hot gas atomisation process

Porous metal implants: processing, properties, and challenges

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