Metal speciation using capillary electrophoresis - inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry and polytetrafluoroethylene capillaries

Deng, Biyang; Chan, Wing-Shing

doi:10.1002/1522-2683(20017)22:11<2186::aid-elps2186>3.0.co;2-p

Electrophoresis

2001

DOI: 10.1002/1522-2683(20017)22:11<2186::aid-elps2186>3.0.co;2-p

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Metal speciation using capillary electrophoresis - inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry and polytetrafluoroethylene capillaries

Biyang Deng

Wing-Shing Chan

Abstract: A capillary electrophoresis--inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry (CE-ICP-AES) system using a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) capillary has been developed. The CE-ICP interface was a modified concentric nebulizer. The PTFE capillary (50 microm internal diameter) was used as the central capillary of the nebulizer. Using the PTFE capillaries, the solution flow rate induced by the carrier gas flow was smaller than that of glass capillary. Solution flow was mainly induced by the CE electric field… Show more

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Cited by 19 publications

References 29 publications

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Recent advances and trends in capillary electrophoresis of inorganic ions

Timerbaev

2002

Electrophoresis

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Capillary electrophoresis (CE) continues its invasion into the domain of inorganic analysis. This review summarizes the progress and significant developments of CE of inorganic ions over the first two years of the new century. As manifested by the substantial number of published articles, this field is still witnessing a growing activity of many separation scientists. To provide an in-depth treatment of fundamental and methodological aspects of inorganic ion analysis by CE, an extensive fraction of the relevant literature is covered whereas only most innovative application reports are briefly considered. Most of the recent advancements have focused on CE system modernization designed to improve a limited detection sensitivity, which still remains a major obstacle to overcome in order to ensure the method's wider practical acceptance. Attention is also given to how and in which directions the future research could be performed to implement CE in routine inorganic analysis.

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Recent advances and trends in capillary electrophoresis of inorganic ions

Timerbaev

2002

Electrophoresis

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Capillary electrophoresis‐inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry: A report on technical principles and problem solutions, potential, and limitations of this technology as well as on examples of application

Michalke

2005

Electrophoresis

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This paper summarizes some basic principles of capillary electrophoresis (CE), inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and coupling of both devices. Especially the interfacing is described in detail. A special focus is drawn to various interface developments reported in literature and technical problems, i.e., requirements to the interface setup and respective solutions. Nowadays, typically sheath flow-based interfaces are used. The sheath flow fulfills two requirements of hyphenation, (i) the closing of the electrical circuit of CE and (ii) the feeding of the used nebulizer with an adequate flow rate. In the beginning of CE-ICP-MS coupling predominantly home-made interface-nebulizer constructions were developed and tested for various speciation problems. Now increasingly such laboratory-constructed interfaces are left. Mostly commercial nebulizers are employed being combined with commercially available tee or cross fittings to connect the CE capillary to the electrode, the additional sheath flow, and the nebulizer. Due to the low sample amounts and low flow rates from CE, such nebulizers are typically low-flow nebulizers like, e.g., the microconcentric nebulizer (MCN) and the direct injection nebulizer (DIN). However, there are also reports on couplings using standard Meinhard systems. Still the control and reduction of a siphoning sucting flow and sufficient detection limits are the major problems in hyphenating CE to ICP-MS. Different solutions are reported on these problems and summarized here. Finally numerous applications are reported. Mostly, applications are performed on speciation of selenium, arsenic, metallothionein isoforms, mercury, or cobalt.

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Internal electrolyte temperatures for polymer and fused-silica capillaries used in capillary electrophoresis

et al. 2005

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Polymers are important as materials for manufacturing microfluidic devices for electrodriven separations, in which Joule heating is an unavoidable phenomenon. Heating effects were investigated in polymer capillaries using a CE setup. This study is the first step toward the longer-term objective of the study of heating effects occurring in polymeric microfluidic devices. The thermal conductivity of polymers is much smaller than that of fused silica (FS), resulting in less efficient dissipation of heat in polymeric capillaries. This study used conductance measurements as a temperature probe to determine the mean electrolyte temperatures in CE capillaries of different materials. Values for mean electrolyte temperatures in capillaries made of New Generation FluoroPolymer (NGFP), poly-(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA), and poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) capillaries were compared with those obtained for FS capillaries. Extrapolation of plots of conductance versus power per unit length (P/L) to zero power was used to obtain conductance values free of Joule heating effects. The ratio of the measured conductance values at different power levels to the conductance at zero power was used to determine the mean temperature of the electrolyte. For each type of capillary material, it was found that the average increase in the mean temperature of the electrolyte (DeltaT(Mean)) was directly proportional to P/L and inversely proportional to the thermal conductivity (lambda) of the capillary material. At 7.5 W/m, values for DeltaT(Mean) for NGFP, PMMA, and PEEK were determined to be 36.6, 33.8, and 30.7 degrees C, respectively. Under identical conditions, DeltaT(Mean) for FS capillaries was 20.4 degrees C.

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Metal speciation using capillary electrophoresis - inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry and polytetrafluoroethylene capillaries

Cited by 19 publications

References 29 publications

Recent advances and trends in capillary electrophoresis of inorganic ions

Recent advances and trends in capillary electrophoresis of inorganic ions

Capillary electrophoresis‐inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry: A report on technical principles and problem solutions, potential, and limitations of this technology as well as on examples of application

Internal electrolyte temperatures for polymer and fused-silica capillaries used in capillary electrophoresis

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