Metal supported on natural zeolite as catalysts for conversion of ethanol to gasoline

Kristiani, Anis; Sudiyarmanto, Sudiyarmanto; Aulia, Fauzan; Hidayati, Luthfiana Nurul; Abimanyu, Haznan

doi:10.1051/matecconf/201710101001

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Copper-exchanged zeolites are used as active and selective catalysts for many chemical reactions, such as: NO x abatement, oxidation, isomerization, dehydration and many other processes [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]. Attractive catalytic properties of these materials can be related to both the various oxidation states and the occurrence of copper species in different forms [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction and Oxidation of Cu Species in Cu-Faujasites Studied by IR Spectroscopy

et al. 2020

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The process of reduction (by hydrogen and ethanol) and oxidation (by oxygen and NO) of Cu sites in dealuminated faujasite-type zeolites (of Si/Al = 31) was studied by infrared (IR) spectroscopy with CO (for Cu+) and NO (for Cu2+) as probe molecules. Two zeolites were studied: one of them contained mostly Cu+exch., whereas another one contained mostly Cu2+ and Cu+ox. The susceptibility of various forms of Cu for reduction were investigated. IR experiments of CO sorption evidenced that Cu+ox. was more prone for the reduction than Cu+exch. According to NO sorption studies, Cu2+exch. was reduced in the first order before Cu2+ox. Ethanol reduced mostly Cu2+ and, also, some amounts of Cu+. The treatment with oxygen caused the oxidation of Cu+ (both Cu+exch. and Cu+ox.) to Cu2+. The adsorption of NO at 190K produced Cu+(NO)2 dinitrosyls, but heating to room temperature transformed dinitrosyls to mononitrosyls and increased the Cu2+ content.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction and Oxidation of Cu Species in Cu-Faujasites Studied by IR Spectroscopy

et al. 2020

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“…The S BET value of the support (HZSM5) is lower than other materials. The increase in the specific surface area exhibits that metal oxides did not cover the support's pores [3,27], were evenly distributed on the support [3], and did not cause damage to the support [28][29].…”

Section: Xrd and Xrf Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the metal addition to the support (solid acid) often affects the catalyst's crystallinity, specific surface area, and morphology. Meanwhile, several studies showed an excellent catalyst gives a good performance related to the high crystallinity [3], high surface area [4], porous morphology [5,6], and metal distribution on support [5,7]. Therefore, it is crucial to study the effects of metal addition to support the bifunctional catalyst of direct DME synthesis.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CuO, MgO, and ZrO<sub>2</sub> Loading on HZSM5 by Deposition-precipitation: Study of Crystallinity, Specific Surface Area, and Morphology

2022

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Bifunctional catalysts are often used in multiple reactions to synthesize certain products. The catalytic activity of bifunctional catalysts is influenced by parameters such as crystallinity, specific surface area, metal distribution, and morphology. Bifunctional catalysts are manufactured by adding metal to the support. The metal loading to the support often affects these parameters. Therefore, this research was conducted to determine the effect of CuO, MgO, and ZrO2 addition to HZSM5 on these parameters. The often-used loading method was deposition precipitation. The pH of the metal-support precursors' solution was increased to basic (pH of 8) to deposit the metal on the support. The loading effect was investigated by producing the following materials: CuO/HZSM5, CuO/ZrO2/HZSM5, CuO/MgO/HZSM5, and CuO/MgO/ZrO2/HZSM5. Each material was characterized using XRD, SAA, SEM, Mapping, EDS, and XRF. The results showed that all metal oxides could be embedded in the HZSM5. The loading of CuO, MgO, and ZrO2 to HZSM5 did not affect the crystallinity (structure) and morphology, increased the specific surface area, and was evenly distributed inside the pore of HZSM5. Further research is needed to determine the effect of crystallinity, specific surface area, and morphology on other metals and support types.

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“…On the other hand, the structure that composes the framework contains several metal impurities that close the pores, cavities, and channels [10]. Therefore, it will inhibit the diffusion between molecules and reduce its ability as an adsorbent for liquid and gaseous wastes [9,11,12], catalysts [13,14,15], drug delivery [16], separator media [5], and ion exchange resin [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of NaOH Concentration Toward the Characteristics of Activated Natural Zeolite from Blitar – East Java

2023

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This study discusses the activation of natural zeolite from Blitar City – East Java using NaOH solution (0.5 M and 1.0 M). Characteristics of unactivated and activated zeolites were also investigated, as well as the effect of the activator (NaOH solution) on functional groups, element composition, pore size, specific surface area, and total pore volume. FTIR spectroscopy, XRF, and gas physisorption were conducted to support the study. Experimental data showed that: (1) the major functional groups were observed at 1250-780 cm-1 in the infrared spectra, in which the unactivated and the activated zeolite were not significantly different; (2) the elemental composition of zeolite (Si and Al) tended to decrease after the activation process; (3) the pore size of the activated zeolite increased while the surface area and total pore volume decreased. Based on this study, activated zeolite (AZB-1.0) showed the optimum result: the pore size increased by 4.12847 nm, and the total pore volume did not decrease significantly by 0.04987 cc/g.

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Metal supported on natural zeolite as catalysts for conversion of ethanol to gasoline

Cited by 16 publications

References 21 publications

Reduction and Oxidation of Cu Species in Cu-Faujasites Studied by IR Spectroscopy

Reduction and Oxidation of Cu Species in Cu-Faujasites Studied by IR Spectroscopy

CuO, MgO, and ZrO<sub>2</sub> Loading on HZSM5 by Deposition-precipitation: Study of Crystallinity, Specific Surface Area, and Morphology

Effect of NaOH Concentration Toward the Characteristics of Activated Natural Zeolite from Blitar – East Java

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