Metal surface coloration by oxide periodic structures formed with nanosecond laser pulses

Veiko, Vadim P.; Karlagina, Yulia; Moskvin, M. K.; Mikhailovskii, Vladimir; Одинцова, Г. В.; Olshin, Pavel K.; Pankin, Dmitrii; Романов, В. В.; Yatsuk, R. M.

doi:10.1016/j.optlaseng.2017.04.014

Cited by 44 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…On certain metals and/or alloys, like stainless steels, nickel alloys, chrome plated steel, aluminium and titanium alloys, marks of different colours can be obtained [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. This effect is generally used in the automotive, electronics, telecommunications and pharmaceutical industries for general consumer goods and high-end products, for decorative purpose and advertising, in the production of jewellery and even art [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Laser Colour Marking on the Corrosion Properties of Low Alloyed Ti

et al. 2019

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In the field of surface treatment, laser colour marking can be used to produce coloured marks on the surfaces of metals. Laser colour markings can be applied to various materials, but on titanium alloys a wide spectra of vivid colours can be achieved. This study presents an analysis of the corrosion properties of laser treated surfaces that were exposed to aggressive environments. Different samples were prepared with laser light of various power intensities and processing speeds. The samples were prepared on low alloyed Ti. Electrochemical, spectroscopic and microstructural analyses were conducted in order to study the properties of the laser treated surfaces. Corrosion testing showed different effects of laser power and production speed on the properties of the laser treated surfaces. It was shown that a high intensity and slow processing rate affect the surfaces by forming oxides that are relatively stable in a corrosive environment of 0.1 M NaCl. Spectroscopic investigations including scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses showed the differences in chemical structure of the surface layer formed after laser treatment. Similarly, microstructural investigations showed different effects on the surface and sub-surface layer of the laser treated samples. advantages of laser induced oxidation are that the process is non-contact and that the marking of smaller surfaces can be made fast at relatively low cost. The produced markings are very sharp, reproducible and precise. Another benefit is that the process enables flexible change of marking colours on the fly with respect to laser processing parameters [6,[13][14][15][16].Titanium and its alloys have several specific properties, like good strength to weight ratio, high strength, good chemical stability, high temperature stability, biocompatibility, corrosion resistance and resistance to fatigue and wear, and can be heat treated or surface treated in order to achieve particular hardness and strength [11,26].Laser induced oxidation of metals is a gaseous high-temperature corrosion process, where thin layers of oxides or other more complex oxidation formations are formed. With this process, different colours can be produced on the titanium surface. During laser oxidation, titanium oxides are formed at the surface if the marking is carried out in an oxidative atmosphere. Titanium oxides are not expensive, biocompatible, non-toxic and mechanically and chemically stable [16]. On the surfaces, there are thin layers present in the form of anatase, brookite, rutile or in the amorphous phase [6,13,16]. In the white light spectrum, they are highly transparent and exhibit a wide spectrum of vivid colours as a result of the interference between white light and the borders between different phases. The obtained colours depend on the thickness of the oxide layer, refractive index and the interference between light and incidence angle [6,13,15,27]. There are many laser parameters, such as pulse duration, pulse repetition rate, pulse en...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Laser Colour Marking on the Corrosion Properties of Low Alloyed Ti

et al. 2019

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“…Nanosecond fiber lasers have attracted much research interest in recent years due to advantages of relatively low cost and flexible operation window compared with their -switched solid-state counterparts. Besides, increasing application demand in wide fields has also promoted the development of the ns fiber laser, such as laser processing [1, 2] , nonlinear frequency conversion [3, 4] , coherent beam combining [5–7] , laser lidar [8, 9] , generation of vector beam [10] , and terahertz generation [11] . Generally, the most common method to obtain ns fiber laser is the -switched regime that is based on various saturation absorbers [12, 13] , nonlinear effect [14] , acoustic–optical modulator (AOM) [15] , stress-induced birefringence [16] , tilted fiber grating [17] and direct pump modulation [18, 19] , and so on.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monolithic high-average-power linearly polarized nanosecond pulsed fiber laser with near-diffraction-limited beam quality

Huang

Meng

et al. 2018

High Pow Laser Sci Eng

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An all-fiberized high-average-power narrow linewidth ns pulsed laser with linear polarization is demonstrated. The laser system utilizes a typical master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) configuration. The stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) is effectively suppressed due to the short fiber length and large mode area in the main amplifier, combined with the narrow pulse duration smaller than the phonon lifetime of SBS effect. A maximal output power of 466 W is obtained with a narrow linewidth of ∼203.6 MHz, and the corresponding slope efficiency is ∼80.3%. The pulse duration is condensed to be ∼4 ns after the amplification, corresponding to the peak power of 8.8 kW and the pulse energy of 46.6 µJ. Neardiffraction-limited beam quality with an M 2 factor of 1.32 is obtained at the output power of 442 W and the mode instability (MI) is observed at the maximal output power. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest average output power of the all-fiberized narrow linewidth ns pulsed fiber laser with linear polarization and high beam quality, which is a promising source for the nonlinear frequency conversion, laser lidar, and so on.

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“…Several researchers [5,6,7,9,10] demonstrated that femtosecond pulse lasers can create color on metals. These lasers provide controllable modification of optical properties of metals from UV to terahertz wavelength.…”

Section: Colorization Of Metals With Femtosecond Lasersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of Oxide Layers with Femtosecond Laser on Steel Surfaces for Color Marking

Juhász

Berczeli

Weltsch

2020

IJEMS

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With the appearance of ultrashort pulse lasers, the researchers have begun working on various laser marking technology. Atmospheric heating and ablation of a surface induce laser coloration of metal surfaces. However, their application is still problematic today in the industry. With the appearance of femtosecond pulse lasers, a new concept became available for color marking. This concept is based on the formation of laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) on metal surfaces. The purpose of this article is to summarize the literature of laser color marking with ultrashort pulse lasers.

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Metal surface coloration by oxide periodic structures formed with nanosecond laser pulses

Cited by 44 publications

References 35 publications

Influence of Laser Colour Marking on the Corrosion Properties of Low Alloyed Ti

Influence of Laser Colour Marking on the Corrosion Properties of Low Alloyed Ti

Monolithic high-average-power linearly polarized nanosecond pulsed fiber laser with near-diffraction-limited beam quality

Formation of Oxide Layers with Femtosecond Laser on Steel Surfaces for Color Marking

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