Metal uptake, oxidative metabolism, and mycorrhization in pigeonpeaand pea under arsenic and cadmium stress

Abstract

Bolan et al., 2014). The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act permanently listed As as no. 1 and Cd as no. 7 out of 275 in its priority list of hazardous materials (ATSDR, 2007).Arsenic and Cd toxicity cause oxidative stress by changing the composition and fluidity of membrane lipids, displacing essential metals in plant pigments or enzymes and thereby inactivating photosynthesis and respiration, and obstructing uptake and transport of water and nutrients, further reducing protein synthesis and carbohydrate metabolism along with diminished growth and yield (

Rhizoglomus intraradices Improves Plant Growth, Root Morphology and Phytohormone Balance of Robinia pseudoacacia in Arsenic-Contaminated Soils

“…The R. intraradices colonization rate was inhibited by the increase of As concentration in soils. This result was consistent with previous studies on other host species, such as Cajanus cajan, Pisum sativum, and Glycine max L. (Garg et al, 2015;Li et al, 2016;Spagnoletti and Lavado, 2015), but it was contrary to the conclusions of Leung et al (2006). As stress in soils has negative effects on the AM colonization rate due to worsening of the pre-symbiotic conditions of mycorrhizal colonization with As toxicity (Spagnoletti et al, 2016).…”

Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Augments Arsenic Tolerance in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) by Strengthening Antioxidant Defense System and Thiol Metabolism

“…The reports on effect of As on percent of root colonized are not consistent. While many experiments have reported no decrease in percent colonization when As was artificially added to soil ( Trotta et al, 2006 ; Chen et al, 2007 ; Christophersen et al, 2009 ), there are reports of reduction in colonization ( Liu et al, 2005 ; Garg et al, 2015 ), and also an increase ( Al Agely et al, 2005 ). In spite of this difference in root colonization with respect to As, each mycobiont conferred benefits to the host plant.…”

“…However, information on antioxidant defense in mycorrhizal (M) versus non-mycorrhizal (NM) plants in relation to As stress is very scarce (Yu et al, 2009; Garg and Singla, 2012; Garg et al, 2015). Plants subjected to abiotic stress often produce toxic aldehydes such as methylglyoxal (MG).…”

“…The AM symbiosis is known to increase tolerance of plants to various abiotic stresses by promoting antioxidant defense system ( Ruiz-Lozano, 2003 ; Wu et al, 2006 ; Evelin and Kapoor, 2014 ). However, information on antioxidant defense in mycorrhizal (M) versus non-mycorrhizal (NM) plants in relation to As stress is very scarce ( Yu et al, 2009 ; Garg and Singla, 2012 ; Garg et al, 2015 ). Plants subjected to abiotic stress often produce toxic aldehydes such as methylglyoxal (MG).…”

Effect of soil amendments on antioxidant activity and photosynthetic pigments in pea crops grown in arsenic contaminated soil

“…Subsequently, AMF increase As sequestration in intraradical hyphae, reducing metalloid uptake by roots through symbiosis association with its host plant ( Wu et al., 2006 ; Evelin and Kapoor, 2014 ). Due to the symbiotic relation of AMF with food crops, biomass growth and photosynthetic pigments increased significantly ( Elahi et al., 2010 ; Garg and Singla, 2012 ; Garg et al., 2015 ; Elhindi and Elgorban, 2017 ). Conversely, AMF reduces proline, H 2 O 2 toxicity and MDA content, and increases the activities of CAT, APX and POD in food crops under abiotic stress ( Alam et al., 2019a ; Sharma et al., 2017a , Sharma et al., 2017b ).…”