Metaldehyde poisoning in farm animals

Mn, Egyed; Brisk, YL

doi:10.1136/vr.78.22.753

Cited by 12 publications

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“…The onset of clinical signs of metaldehyde toxicosis in cattle and sheep is reported to be from 15 minutes 13 to approximately 24 hours after ingestion 8,12,15 . A dose of 0.78 g/kg of metaldehyde administered by gastric intubation to an adult goat caused clinical signs in 20 minutes and death in 2 hours 5 . Metaldehyde is poorly soluble in water and may require activation by gastric acidity 3,4 .…”

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“…10 Metaldehyde toxicosis because of ingestion of molluscicides (snail and slug bait) is most common in dogs, 3 and metaldehyde toxicosis is uncommon in livestock. 10 Metaldehyde toxicity has been reported in sheep and cattle 5,8,10,12,15 and in goats. 5 Metaldehyde toxicosis has also been described in horses 7 and in ducklings.…”

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“…10 Metaldehyde toxicity has been reported in sheep and cattle 5,8,10,12,15 and in goats. 5 Metaldehyde toxicosis has also been described in horses 7 and in ducklings. 1 Arsenic toxicosis occurs in cattle but has become much less common than in years past.…”

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“…8,12,15 A dose of 0.78 g/kg of metaldehyde administered by gastric intubation to an adult goat caused clinical signs in 20 minutes and death in 2 hours. 5 Metaldehyde is poorly soluble in water and may require activation by gastric acidity. 3,4 The onset of clinical signs of metaldehyde toxicosis is longer in ruminants than in monogastric animals, most likely reflecting delayed activation and absorption because of the retention of metaldehyde in the rumen.…”

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Arsenic and Metaldehyde Toxicosis in a Beef Herd

Valentine¹,

Rumbeiha

Hensley

et al. 2007

J VET Diagn Invest

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Abstract. Over a 12-day period, 13 animals in a herd of 110 beef cattle developed ataxia with profound muscle fasciculations progressing to recumbency. Twelve animals (5 adults and 7 calves from 8-10 months of age) died, and 1 cow was euthanized. Hemorrhagic diarrhea occurred in some, but not all, animals. The onset of clinical signs was at least 12 hours after the cattle had gained access to contents of old buildings used for storage, and the majority of deaths occurred within 24 to 48 hours after the onset of clinical signs. Approximately 9 kg of unidentified pellets were found strewn in the barn area where the cattle had been. Autolysis considered more severe than expected for the postmortem interval, suggestive of high body temperature before death, and congestion of body tissues were the only significant findings detected in the cow that was euthanized and submitted for necropsy examination. The clinical history and lack of postmortem lesions were most consistent with toxicity. A toxic level of arsenic (6.18 ppm) was detected in the kidney, and metaldehyde was detected in the liver. The pellets were analyzed and found to contain both arsenic and metaldehyde, consistent with a discontinued molluscicidal product.

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Arsenic and Metaldehyde Toxicosis in a Beef Herd

Valentine¹,

Rumbeiha

Hensley

et al. 2007

J VET Diagn Invest

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“…En el caso de los équidos, aunque no es tan común la intoxicación por metaldehído, se han informado algunos casos de intoxicación por esta sustancia en equinos (Egyed & Brisk, 1966;Miller, 1972;Harris, 1975;Sutherland, 1983). Un caballo de 385,5 kg desarrolló signos de toxicidad, pero sobrevivió después de la ingestión de un estimado de 38 mg de metaldehído/kg (aunque la dosis puede haber sido sobreestimada) (Miller, 1972).…”

Section: Casuística De Intoxicación Por Metaldehído En Animales Domés...unclassified

Intoxicación Secundaria Por Metaldehído en Un Tejón (Meles Meles): Estudio Experimental Con Helix Aspersa

Panales,

Navas Ruíz,

María-Mojica

et al. 2024

An. Vet. Murcia

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Metaldehyde is a compound with molluscicidal activity, widely used to control snails and slugs, although its inappropriate use can cause poisoning in other species, which are not the target ones. Faced with the death of a badger (Meles meles), the hypothesis of a possible secondary poisoning by ingestion of snails killed by the pesticide was considered. The objective of this work was to design an experimental study that would bring light on this question in the investigation of the cause of death of the badger. Two experiments were designed with the species Helix aspersa, one to evaluate if the lethality is dose-dependent and another to evaluate the latency time from the molluscicidal treatment. In the dose experiment, five groups of snails were made, called "Superior", "High", "Medium", "Low" and "Lower", to which 400, 200, 133.3, 66.7 and 40 μg of metaldehyde per snail, respectively. After the experiment, the analysis of metaldehyde present per snail in each of the groups was as follows: "Higher" 137.4 μg, "High" 69.93 μg, "Medium" 47.24 μg, "Low" 31.72 μg and "Lower" 6.05 μg. In the time test, 400 μg per snail was applied and the snails of each batch were sacrificed at the following times: T0, T60, T120 and 240 minutes. Those of the last batch died at 270 minutes (before sacrifice). The mean amounts per snail of each lot were the following: T0min 352.68 μg, T60min 277.41 μg, T120min 206.18 μg, T240min 164.8 μg and T270min 90.2 μg of metaldehyde. After calculations based on the mean lethal dose of mice, it was estimated that, despite the fact that traces of metaldehyde were found in the organism of the snails, it is unlikely that secondary poisoning could occur in a badger due to the consumption of snails intoxicated with metaldehyde. El metaldehído es un compuesto con actividad molusquicida, ampliamente utilizado para el control de caracoles y babosas, aunque su uso inadecuado puede causar intoxicaciones en otras especies no diana. Ante la muerte de un tejón (Meles meles), se barajó la hipótesis de una posible intoxicación secundaria por ingestión de caracoles muertos por el plaguicida. El presente trabajo tenía por objetivo diseñar un estudio experimental que permitiera arrojar luz sobre esta cuestión en la investigación de la causa de muerte del tejón. Se diseñaron dos experimentos con la especie Helix aspersa, uno para evaluar si la letalidad es dosis-dependiente y otro para evaluar el tiempo de latencia desde el tratamiento molusquicida. En el experimento de dosis se hicieron cinco grupos de caracoles, denominados “Superior”, “Alta”, “Media”, “Baja” e “Inferior”, a los que se les administró 400, 200, 133.3, 66.7 y 40 μg de metaldehído por caracol, respectivamente. Tras el experimento, los análisis de metaldehído presente por caracol en cada uno de los grupos fue el siguiente: “Superior” 137.4 μg, “Alta” 69.93 μg, “Media” 47.24 μg, “Baja” 31.72 μg e “Inferior” 6.05 μg. En el ensayo de tiempos se aplicaron 400 μg por caracol y se sacrificaron los caracoles de cada lote a los siguientes tiempos: T0, T60, T120 y 240 minutos. Los del último lote murieron a los 270 minutos (antes del sacrificio). Las cantidades medias por caracol de cada lote fueron las siguientes: T0min 352.68 μg, T60min 277.41 μg, T120min 206.18 μg, T240min 164.8 μg y T270min 90.2 μg de metaldehído. Tras los cálculos basados en la dosis letal media de ratón se estimó que, a pesar de que se encontraran restos de metaldehído en el organismo de los caracoles, es improbable que se pueda dar una intoxicación secundaria en un tejón por el consumo de caracoles intoxicados con metaldehído.

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An investigation of metaldehyde and acetaldehyde toxicities in dogs

Booze

1986

Fundamental and Applied Toxicology

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Metaldehyde poisoning in farm animals

Cited by 12 publications

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Arsenic and Metaldehyde Toxicosis in a Beef Herd

Arsenic and Metaldehyde Toxicosis in a Beef Herd

Intoxicación Secundaria Por Metaldehído en Un Tejón (Meles Meles): Estudio Experimental Con Helix Aspersa

An investigation of metaldehyde and acetaldehyde toxicities in dogs

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