Metallic, metal oxide, and metalloid nanoparticles toxic effects on freshwater microcrustaceans: An update and basis for the use of new test species

Abstract

In this article, we performed a literature review on the metallic, metal oxide, and metalloid nanoparticles (NP) effects on freshwater microcrustaceans, specifically focusing on (i) the main factors influencing the NP toxicity and (ii) their main ecotoxicological effects. Also, given that most studies are currently developed on the standard test species Daphnia magna Straus, we analyzed (iii) the potential differences in the biological responses between D. magna and other freshwater microcrustacean, and (iv) the ecological implications of considering only D. magna as surrogate of other microcrustaceans. We found that NP effects on microcrustaceans depended on their intrinsic properties as well as the exposure conditions. Among the general responses to different NP, we identified body burial, feeding inhibition, biochemical effects, metabolic changes, and reproductive and behavioral alterations. The differences in the biological responses between D. magna and other freshwater microcrustacean rely on the morphology (size and shape), ecological traits (feeding mechanisms, life cycles), and intrinsic sensitivities. Thus, we strongly recommend the use of microcrustaceans species with different morphological, physiological, and ecological characteristics in future ecotoxicity tests with NP to provide relevant information with regulation purposes regarding the discharge of NP into aquatic environments. Practitioner points Nanoparticles effects depend on intrinsic and external factors. Nanoparticles affect the morphology, physiology, and behavior. Effects on Daphnia differ from other microcrustaceans. The use of more diverse test species is suggested.

The effect of metal-containing nanoparticles on the health, performance and production of livestock animals and poultry

“…In the first step of testing metal nanoparticles as potential animal feed additives, many researchers conduct preliminary nano-toxicological studies to determine the impact of examined nanoparticles on cell cultures (Leng et al 2020 ) or animal models, for example mice (Zhang et al 2008 ; Kesmati et al 2016 ), rats (Tomaszewska et al 2017 ; Mazaheri et al 2019 ; Sanati et al 2019 ; Kociova et al 2019 ; Bidian et al 2021 ; Naz et al 2021 ), worms (Ayech et al 2020 ), insects like Drosophila melanogaster (Pilaquinga et al 2021 ) or in the case of aquatic organisms on water flea, like Daphnia magna (Gong et al 2016 ; Conine and Frost 2017 ), Ceriodaphnia dubia (Li et al 2011 ) or fish (Gutierrez et al 2021 ). The findings obtained for these organisms may be extrapolated on other living beings (Pilaquinga et al 2021 ).…”

Building the Bridge From Aquatic Nanotoxicology to Safety by Design Silver Nanoparticles

“…Based on the literature review of the toxic effects of AgNPs in freshwater microcrustaceans, we found that the majority of the studies have been performed with the cladoceran Daphnia magna , a common and standardized species for acute and chronic ecotoxicity testing ( Baun et al, 2008 ; Gutierrez et al, 2021 ). This is due to its easy availability, rapid reproduction, short lifespan, and sensitivity.…”

Alternance of alternative stable states influence the functional diversity of microcrustaceans in a shallow subtropical lake

“…The feeding type for Cladocera was classified into categories related to the filtration mode of each family (Barnett et al 2007). Daphnids and Moinids use limbs 3 and 4 to perform the filtration (D-filtration), Sidids use their first five limbs in filtering (S-filtration) Bosminids uses active swimming while filtering, with less developed thoracic limbs (B-filtration), Chydorids, Macrothricids and Ilyocriptids use their second limb to scrape food from the substrates (C-filtration) (Gutierrez et al 2021). For Copepoda and Ostracoda, the feeding types were scraper, raptorial and suspension feeders.…”