Metallophytes in Latin America: a remarkable biological and genetic resource scarcely known and studied in the region

Ginocchio, Rosanna; Baker, A. J. M.

doi:10.4067/s0716-078x2004000100014

Cited by 65 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…La fitorremediación se basa en procesos que ocurren de forma natural mediante los cuales las plantas y los microorganismos de la rizósfera degradan y secuestran contaminantes orgánicos e inorgánicos. De hecho, los enfoques más comunes para la remediación de relaves mineros son la fitoextracción (Nanda-Kumar, Dushenkov, Motto, & Raskin, 1995), la hiperacumulación de metalofitas (González, Muena, Cisternas, & Neaman, 2008) y la fitoestabilización utilizando técnicas de fitorremediación con metalofitas (Ginocchio & Baker, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Phytoremediation is based on naturally occurring processes by which plants and rhizosphere microorganisms degrade and sequester organic and inorganic contaminants. In fact, the most common approaches to the remediation of mine tailings are phyto-extraction (NandaKumar, Dushenkov, Motto, & Raskin, 1995), hyperaccumulation of metallophytes (González, Muena, Cisternas, & Neaman, 2008), and phyto-stabilization using metallophyte phytoremediation techniques (Ginocchio & Baker, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Especies forestales para la recuperación de suelos contaminados con cobre debido a actividades mineras

Pizarro¹,

Flores²,

Tapia³

et al. 2015

Rev Cha Se Cie For y del Amb

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Mining is the most important economic activity in Chile; causing significant degradation of the environment in the arid regions. The Coquimbo Region has suffered serious soil and water pollution because of heavy metals from mining, particularly copper. Implementation of measures that help to minimize the environmental impact of mining tailings requires knowledge about the adaptability of vegetal species to degraded soil conditions. Our objective was to determine and compare the phytostabilization abilities of native and exotic shrub species in areas extremely damaged by mining activities in the Coquimbo Region. The survival growth, and canopy development rates of 20 species were evaluated by two experiments. The Cu quantity in stems and leaves and at three soil depths was measured. Our results indicated that Acacia saligna is the best species in accumulating heavy metals (average of 34.8 ppm in leaves and 12.3 ppm in stems, both for non-fertilized soils), while demonstrating average survival rates over 80 %. This study concludes that A. saligna is the best species for phytostabilization activities in mine tailings of the Coquimbo Region. ResumenL a minería es la actividad económica más importante de Chile, la cual causa degradación significativa en las regiones áridas. Los suelos de la Región de Coquimbo han sufrido contaminación metales pesados provenientes de la minería, particularmente cobre. La implementación de medidas, que ayuden a minimizar el impacto ambiental de los relaves mineros, requiere conocer la capacidad de adaptación de especies vegetales ante la degradación de suelos contaminados. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar y comparar la capacidad de fitoestabilización de especies vegetales nativas y exóticas en áreas degradadas por la actividad minera en la Región de Coquimbo. Las tasas de supervivencia, crecimiento y desarrollo del dosel de 20 especies fueron evaluadas en dos ensayos experimentales. La concentración de Cu se evaluó en tallos y hojas de los árboles y en diferentes profundidades del suelo. Los resultados indicaron que Acacia saligna tiene la mejor capacidad de acumulación de metales pesados (34.8 ppm en hojas y 12.3 ppm en tallos, ambos en suelos sin fertilizar), con tasas de supervivencia mayores de 80 %. Se concluye que A. saligna es la mejor especie para actividades de fitoestabilización en relaves mineros de la Región de Coquimbo. Palabras clave:Fitorremediación, fitoestabilización, fitotoxicidad, relaves mineros, degradación de suelos, manejo y conservación de suelos.

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Section: Introductionunclassified

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Especies forestales para la recuperación de suelos contaminados con cobre debido a actividades mineras

Pizarro¹,

Flores²,

Tapia³

et al. 2015

Rev Cha Se Cie For y del Amb

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“…Unfortunately, the knowledge on the tolerance of certain plants to the extreme conditions found in abandoned mining areas is restricted to a few exotic species (Ginocchio & Baker 2004). African grasses are a group of exotic plants most used for recovery of degraded areas in Brazil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Germination of native grasses with potential application in the recovery of degraded areas in Quadrilátero Ferrífero, Brazil

2012

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Native grasses are potential species to be used in land rehabilitation. However, due to the lack of better knowledge of their performance, preference is given to exotic plants, which may be invasive and negatively affect the local biodiversity. In order to better understand the propagation of native species of the Quadrilátero Ferrífero (Minas Gerais, Brazil) using their seeds, and in so doing, indicate possible candidates for land rehabilitation, this study investigated the germination patterns of the following grasses: Andropogon bicornis L.; Andropogon leucostachyus Kunth; Setaria parviflora (Poir.) Kerguélen; Cenchrus brownii Roem. & Schult; Echinolaena inflexa (Poir.) Chase, and Apochloa euprepes (Renvoize) Zuloaga & Morrone. The spikelets (depending on the species, removing or not the structures that surround the caryopsis) were treated as follows: T1-Control, T2-moistening with 0.2% potassium nitrate, T3-heating at 80 °C for 2 minutes, T4-scarification with sulfuric acid (except genus Andropogon) and, for genera Andropogon and Setaria T5-storage at room temperature and T6-refrigerated storage. The treatment was repeated four times for 25 caryopses incubated at 25 °C and constant light. Significant variation was observed when comparing germination rates from week to week, treatment to treatment and species to species. The most efficient treatment for genus Andropogon was T6, followed by T2 for A. bicornis and T3 for A. leucostachyus. T6 was also the most effective treatment for S. parviflora, followed by T5 and T2. C. brownii showed similar results when applying T1, T2 and T3 (mean 39%). E. inflexa and A. euprepes showed high levels of dormancy that were not overcome by the proposed treatments. A. bicornis, A. leucostachyus, S. parviflora and C. brownii showed higher germination potential, thus being possible candidates for the recovery of degraded areas. Future studies are indicated to find the most effective treatments for germination in field conditions. Keywords: poaceae, seed dormancy, storage time, heating, potassium nitrate, caryopsis. Resumo: As gramíneas nativas apresentam potencial para revegetação de áreas degradadas, no entanto, devido ao pouco conhecimento sobre sua biologia, dá-se preferência ao uso de espécies exóticas, que podem ser invasoras, afetando assim a biodiversidade local. No intuito de ampliar o conhecimento acerca da propagação via sementes de espécies nativas do Quadrilátero Ferrífero (QF), e desta forma, indicar possíveis candidatas a aplicação na recuperação de áreas degradadas da região, este trabalho objetivou avaliar os padrões germinativos das seguintes gramíneas: Andropogon bicornis L.; Andropogon leucostachyus Kunth; Setaria parviflora (Poir.) Kerguélen, Cenchrus brownii Roem. & Schult; Echinolaena inflexa (Poir.). Chase e Apochloa euprepes (Renvoize) Zuloaga & Morrone. As espiguetas (com presença ou não das estruturas que envolviam a cariopse, dependendo da espécie) foram submetidas aos seguintes tratamentos: T1-controle; T2-umedecimento do substrato com 0,2% ...

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“…This is ecologically friendly and costeffective, with a potential market in countries such as Brazil, which have numerous metallic ore resources. Although native vegetation types growing on naturally mineralized or metal-contaminated sites have been described in Brazil, relatively few potential phytoremediator species were also identified (Ginocchio and Baker, 2004). Carneiro et al (2002) reported high growth rates and apparent tolerance of the species of genus Pfaffia to soils contaminated with Cd and Zn (90 and 1,450 mg kg -1 respectively), and Skrebsky et al (2008), Calgaroto et al (2010), and Gupta et al (2011) demonstrated reasonable degrees of Cd, Hg, and Pb tolerances in Pfaffia glomerata (Spreng.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cd-tolerance markers of Pfaffia glomerata (Spreng.) Pedersen plants: anatomical and physiological features

Gomes

Marques

Martins

et al. 2012

Braz. J. Plant Physiol.

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Physiological and anatomical features of Cd-tolerance in Pfaffia glomerata were examined by exposing plantlets to nutrient solutions with increasing Cd concentrations (0, 15, 45, and 90 µmol Cd L -1 ), and possible Cd-tolerance markers were established. Cd contents were found to be higher in roots than in shoots. According to the bioconcentration factor data, this species is effectively a Cd-hyperaccumulator, as previously attested. Cd induced the appearance of xeromorphic characteristics in leaves (decreased water potential, increased numbers and decreased stomata size) and increased root endodermis thickness. The enzymatic antioxidant systems of roots and leaves were differently affected by Cd. The coordinated activities of antioxidant enzymes were effective in reducing Cd-induced reactive oxygen species in plants, mainly in leaves. Root endodermis thickness, stomatal size and numbers, root superoxide dismutase, and guaiacol peroxidase, as well as leaf guaiacol peroxidase and catalase activities can all be considered Cd-tolerance markers in Pfaffia glomerata. Due to its high root Cd accumulation, Pfaffia glomerata may be useful in Cd-phytoextraction programs, however the pharmacological use of plants grown in the presence of Cd must be avoided.

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Metallophytes in Latin America: a remarkable biological and genetic resource scarcely known and studied in the region

Cited by 65 publications

References 21 publications

Especies forestales para la recuperación de suelos contaminados con cobre debido a actividades mineras

Especies forestales para la recuperación de suelos contaminados con cobre debido a actividades mineras

Germination of native grasses with potential application in the recovery of degraded areas in Quadrilátero Ferrífero, Brazil

Cd-tolerance markers of Pfaffia glomerata (Spreng.) Pedersen plants: anatomical and physiological features

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