Metallothionein and its Involvement in Heavy Metal Induced Nephropathy

Cain, Kelvin

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-3371-2_2

Nephrotoxicity in the Experimental and Clinical Situation 1987

DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-3371-2_2

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Metallothionein and its Involvement in Heavy Metal Induced Nephropathy

Kelvin Cain¹

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2009

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Cited by 1 publication

References 161 publications

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Responses of the Kidney to Toxic Compounds

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2009

General, Applied and Systems Toxicology

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Chemically induced injury to the kidney can occur as a result of the direct effect of a chemical or a metabolite on renal cells or indirectly by altering renal haemodynamics, or by a combination of both. The site along the nephron which is damaged is frequently the site of cellular accumulation of the chemical or a metabolite. Nephrotoxic chemicals may enter the renal tubular cells by endocytosis either as the chemical per se or a chemical‐protein complex. Alternatively some chemicals are actively transported into renal cells on endogenous transport systems. Once concentrated inside cells, the chemical may be released from its intracellular binding site and cause cytotoxicity. Alternatively, renal specific metabolism by enzymes such as cytochrome P450 or cysteine conjugate β‐lyase may lead to the generation of reactive electrophiles that can cause cytotoxicity. The precise subcellular biochemical mechanism leading to cytotoxicity for most chemicals has not been established, but mitochondria are frequently, but not exclusively, a critical target for toxicity.

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Responses of the Kidney to Toxic Compounds

Lock

2009

General, Applied and Systems Toxicology

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Metallothionein and its Involvement in Heavy Metal Induced Nephropathy

Cited by 1 publication

References 161 publications

Responses of the Kidney to Toxic Compounds

Responses of the Kidney to Toxic Compounds

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