Metals for bone implants. Part 1. Powder metallurgy and implant rendering

Andani, Mohsen Taheri; Moghaddam, Narges Shayesteh; Haberland, Christoph; Dean, David; Miller, Michael J.; Elahinia, Mohammad

doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2014.06.025

Cited by 225 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 130 publications

(172 reference statements)

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“…The stiffness of the tested scaffolds varied in the range of 1.6 to 9.0 GPa, which aligns with the stiffness range of the trabecular (0.4 GPa [59,60]) and cortical bones (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)24]). The yield stress values of the scaffolds were in the range of 53 to 392 MPa, which lies in the range of cortical bones MPa [24,61]), but it is not suitable for a replacement of trabecular bone, 2-17 MPa [60].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These results suggest that the scaffolds having thinner struts or larger pores on their outside surface (such as U0. 4 and Dense-In) were more favorable for cell proliferation than the scaffolds having thicker struts or smaller pores on their outer surface. Given that the surface area of Dense-In and Dense-Out is identical as a result of their symmetrical design, it can be said that the cell viability was independent of surface area in this study.…”

Section: Cellular Response To Porous Scaffoldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several metals have been shown to fulfil the requirement of biocompatibility including cobalt-based alloys, stainless steels as well as titanium alloys [3]. However, metallic implants possess higher elastic moduli than bone, e.g., Ti6Al4V and 316 L stainless steel have a modulus of around 110 GPa and 210 GPa [4] respectively, whereas the modulus of cortical bone is in the range of 3-20 GPa [5]. The mismatch between the modulus of the bone and the implant results in the failure of the implant in the long-term due to the stress-shielding problem [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Mechanical Properties and In Vitro Behavior of Additively Manufactured and Functionally Graded Ti6Al4V Porous Scaffolds

Onal

Frith

Jurg

et al. 2018

Metals

128

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Abstract:Functionally graded lattice structures produced by additive manufacturing are promising for bone tissue engineering. Spatial variations in their porosity are reported to vary the stiffness and make it comparable to cortical or trabecular bone. However, the interplay between the mechanical properties and biological response of functionally graded lattices is less clear. Here we show that by designing continuous gradient structures and studying their mechanical and biological properties simultaneously, orthopedic implant design can be improved and guidelines can be established. Our continuous gradient structures were generated by gradually changing the strut diameter of a body centered cubic (BCC) unit cell. This approach enables a smooth transition between unit cell layers and minimizes the effect of stress discontinuity within the scaffold. Scaffolds were fabricated using selective laser melting (SLM) and underwent mechanical and in vitro biological testing. Our results indicate that optimal gradient structures should possess small pores in their core (~900 µm) to increase their mechanical strength whilst large pores (~1100 µm) should be utilized in their outer surface to enhance cell penetration and proliferation. We suggest this approach could be widely used in the design of orthopedic implants to maximize both the mechanical and biological properties of the implant.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cellular Response To Porous Scaffoldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanical Properties and In Vitro Behavior of Additively Manufactured and Functionally Graded Ti6Al4V Porous Scaffolds

Onal

Frith

Jurg

et al. 2018

Metals

128

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“…This allows them to be used as load-bearing implants for tissue engineering scaffolds [31]. Nevertheless, Andani et al stated that despite the flexible modulus of elasticity of NiTi, it was not straightforward to design interconnected porous structured scaffolds with this alloy because of its high melting point [32]. Even with the popularity of Ti-6Al-4V and NiTi the potentially adverse biological reaction to their elements by the living tissue still remains a matter of concern.…”

Section: Titanium and Its Alloys As Implant Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porous Titanium for Dental Implant Applications

Wally

Grunsven

Claeyssens

et al. 2015

Metals

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Abstract:Recently, an increasing amount of research has focused on the biological and mechanical behavior of highly porous structures of metallic biomaterials, as implant materials for dental implants. Particularly, pure titanium and its alloys are typically used due to their outstanding mechanical and biological properties. However, these materials have high stiffness (Young's modulus) in comparison to that of the host bone, which necessitates careful implant design to ensure appropriate distribution of stresses to the adjoining bone, to avoid stress-shielding or overloading, both of which lead to bone resorption. Additionally, many coating and roughening techniques are used to improve cell and bone-bonding to the implant surface. To date, several studies have revealed that porous geometry may be a promising alternative to bulk structures for dental implant applications. This review aims to summarize the evidence in the literature for the importance of porosity in the integration of dental implants with bone tissue and the different fabrication methods currently being investigated. In particular, additive manufacturing shows promise as a technique to control pore size and shape for optimum biological properties. OPEN ACCESSMetals 2015, 5 1903

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“…NiTi-based shape memory alloys (SMAs) are excellent candidates for implant applications due to their unique shape memory effect and pseudoelasticity, good biocompatibility, high corrosion resistance, and relatively low stiffness as compared to other biomedical alloys [1][2][3]. By introducing porosity into NiTi-based SMAs, it is possible to tailor the stiffness and microstructure to more closely match that of bone as well as improve tissue and bone ingrowth [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Properties of NiTi-Based Foam with High Porosity for Implant Applications

Qiu

Young

2015

Shap. Mem. Superelasticity

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In order to better understand NiTi-based shape memory alloy foams for implant applications, Ni 40 Ti 50 Cu 10 foams were heat treated and then deformed under incremental and cyclic compression loading. After heat treatment, the microstructure consists of a (Ni,Cu)Ti matrix with small (Ni,Cu) 4 Ti 3 precipitates and a large Ti 2 (Ni,Cu) secondary phase. The heat-treated Ni 40 Ti 50 Cu 10 foam exhibits a two-step transformation, involving B19 0 ? B19 and B19 ? B2 on heating and B2 ? B19 and B19 ? B19 0 on cooling, respectively. One Ni 40 Ti 50 Cu 10 foam was compression loaded for 10 cycles at each subsequent strain level, i.e., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 % strain. In each set of compressive stress-strain loops, the maximum stress level decreases due to plastic damage accumulation and/or retention of transformed martensite. Cross-sectional images from micro-computed tomography were collected during compression loading, which shows very uniform deformation without severe structural damage even up to 5 % strain. Localized deformation is visible at 6 % strain.

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Metals for bone implants. Part 1. Powder metallurgy and implant rendering

Cited by 225 publications

References 130 publications

Mechanical Properties and In Vitro Behavior of Additively Manufactured and Functionally Graded Ti6Al4V Porous Scaffolds

Mechanical Properties and In Vitro Behavior of Additively Manufactured and Functionally Graded Ti6Al4V Porous Scaffolds

Porous Titanium for Dental Implant Applications

Mechanical Properties of NiTi-Based Foam with High Porosity for Implant Applications

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