Metals in Perspective

Oller, Adriana R.; Bates, Hudson K.

doi:10.1039/b406573p

Cited by 109 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…A third reported a 1.16-fold (95% CI 0.001-1.34) increased risk for spontaneous abortion in Hungarian women using drinking water contaminated by >20 μg/L compared to <10 μg/L iAs [46]. Several small cross-sectional studies (n = 16 to n = 192) conducted in Bangladesh and India [8–11, 16] reported loss rates 1.6-fold to 3.3-fold higher for women employing drinking water sources contaminated by 50–1,474 μg/L iAs compared to 0–400 μg/L iAs. In larger cross-sectional studies, a 1.75-fold increase in the rate of loss (P < 0.05) was reported for 300 Bengali women exposed to 10–600 μg/L iAs [18] and a 2.7-fold increase in the rate of loss (95% CI 0.8–8.40) was reported for 323 Mongolian women exposed to >50 μg/L iAs [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adverse human health effects, including increased rates of spontaneous clinical pregnancy loss have been reported in so-called ‘arsenic endemic’ areas, regions where drinking water iAs contamination exceeds 10 μg/L and frequently 50 μg/L [4, 5]. The results of epidemiologic studies conducted among pregnant women residing in the iAs endemic regions of Hungary [6], Chile [7], Bangladesh [8–15], India [16–18] and Mongolia [19], demonstrate increases in the risk of loss in association with drinking water iAs exposure >10 μg/L.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Consumption of low-moderate level arsenic contaminated water does not increase spontaneous pregnancy loss: a case control study

Bloom

Neamtiu²,

Surdu

et al. 2014

Environ Health

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BackgroundPrevious work suggests an increased risk for spontaneous pregnancy loss linked to high levels of inorganic arsenic (iAs) in drinking water sources (>10 μg/L). However, there has been little focus to date on the impact of low-moderate levels of iAs in drinking water (<10 μg/L). To address this data gap we conducted a hospital-based case–control study in Timis County, Romania.MethodsWe recruited women with incident spontaneous pregnancy loss of 5–20 weeks completed gestation as cases (n = 150), and women with ongoing pregnancies matched by gestational age (±1 week) as controls (n = 150). Participants completed a physician-administered questionnaire and we collected water samples from residential drinking sources. We reconstructed residential drinking water exposure histories using questionnaire data weighted by iAs determined using hydride generation-atomic absorption spectrometry (HG-AAS). Logistic regression models were used to generate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations between iAs exposure and loss, conditioned on gestational age and adjusted for maternal age, cigarette smoking, education and prenatal vitamin use. We explored potential interactions in a second set of models.ResultsDrinking water arsenic concentrations ranged from 0.0 to 175.1 μg/L, with median 0.4 μg/L and 90th%tile 9.4 μg/L. There were no statistically significant associations between loss and average or peak drinking water iAs concentrations (OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.96-1.01), or for daily iAs intake (OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.98-1.02). We detected modest evidence for an interaction between average iAs concentration and cigarette smoking during pregnancy (P = 0.057) and for daily iAs exposure and prenatal vitamin use (P = 0.085).ConclusionsThese results suggest no increased risk for spontaneous pregnancy loss in association with low to moderate level drinking water iAs exposure. Though imprecise, our data also raise the possibility for increased risk among cigarette smokers. Given the low exposures overall, these data should reassure pregnant women and policy makers with regard to the potential effect of drinking water iAs on early pregnancy, though a larger more definitive study to investigate the potential risk increase in conjunction with cigarette smoking is merited.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumption of low-moderate level arsenic contaminated water does not increase spontaneous pregnancy loss: a case control study

Bloom

Neamtiu²,

Surdu

et al. 2014

Environ Health

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“…Other cancers liked to arsenic toxicity include kidney and bladder [30]. The toxicity of arsenic and its inorganic compounds has been classified as: acute toxicity, sub-chronic toxicity, genetic toxicity, developmental and reproductive toxicity [31], immunotoxicity [32], biochemical and cellular toxicity [33]. It has also been reported that arsenic-induced oxidative stress causes DNA strand breaks; an alkali-labile sites which eventually results into DNA adducts [34].…”

Section: Pollution Indexesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey of the Levels of some Heavy Metals in Roadside Dusts along Katima Mulilo Urban Road Construction, Namibia

Abah¹

2014

AJEP

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Abstract:Roadside dusts pollutions with heavy metals continue to attract attention as more anthropogenic activities including urban road construction impacted on the natural metal loads of the environment. This study employed analytical procedures to investigate the concentrations of arsenic, lead, chromium, cadmium, cobalt, copper, nickel, manganese, vanadium, iron and tin in the roadside dusts along Katima Mulilo urban road construction. Replicate dusts samples collected from three different areas of the road and a quiet residential area (control) were digested by EPA method 3050B followed by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrophotometer (ICP: Perkin Elmer Optima 7000 DV) analysis. The results of levels of the heavy metals revealed that iron recorded the highest concentration of 7491.13±0.15 mg/kg along the road construction while tin recorded the lowest value (0.27±0.13 mg/kg). Similar trend was observed at the control area located 1.5 km away from the road: iron recorded the highest concentration of 2327.17±0.12 mg/kg while tin recorded the lowest concentration (0.20±0.10 mg/kg). The analysis of variance of the heavy metal concentrations across the sample locations were statistically significant (p > 0.05). However, the levels of the heavy metals recorded cross the sampling areas were less than their soil maximum permissible concentrations. There are strong positive inter-elemental correlations between the sampling areas while result of the soil enrichment factors showed significant enrichment; which are related to common and input from anthropogenically induced sources respectively. The results of single element pollution indexes of the heavy metals showed low contaminations but elevated levels of arsenic and cadmium in all the sampling areas. These could become a potential source of health concern following environmental accumulation and non-biodegradation of the heavy metals. Thus, it is recommended among others that an environmental impact assessment should be carried out on gravel sites to be used in urban road construction to limit heavy metal contaminations of roadside dusts following their usage.

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“…Other cancers liked to arsenic toxicity include kidney and bladder (ATSDR 2003). The toxicity of arsenic and its inorganic compounds has been classified as: acute toxicity, sub-chronic toxicity, genetic toxicity, developmental and reproductive toxicity (Chakraborti et al 2004); immunotoxicity (Sakurai et al 2004); biochemical and cellular toxicity (Mudhoo et al 2001). The toxicity of inorganic arsenic can induce oxidative stress leading to the inhabitation of DNA repair.…”

Section: Carcinogenicity Of Trace Elementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trace elements and carcinogenicity: a subject in review

Mulware

2012

3 Biotech

103

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Cancer is known to be a multi-step process, which involves different stages including initiation, promotion, progression and metastasis. Chemical carcinogens including most trace elements can change any of these processes to induce their carcinogenic effects. Various studies confirm that cancer arises from the accumulation of irreversible DNA damage, which results from multiple mutations in critical genes in the body organ. Chemical carcinogens most often directly or after xenobiotic metabolism, act as genotoxic causes to induce DNA damage. Genotoxic carcinogen refers to a group of chemicals capable of producing cancer by directly altering the genetic material of target cells. Other carcinogens are however classified as non-genotoxic, which represents chemicals that are capable of producing cancer by some secondary mechanism not related to direct gene damage. They act as tumor promoters, endocrine-modifiers, receptor mediators, immunosuppressant, or inducers of tissue-specific toxicity and inflammatory responses. The diversity of modes of action, of non-genotoxic carcinogens, the tissue and species specificity and the absence of genotoxicity makes it extremely hard to predict their carcinogenic potential. The roles of trace metals (some of which are either genotoxic or non-genotoxic) in cancer development and inhibition have a complex character and have raised many questions because of their essential and toxic effects on people’s health. Trace metals such as cadmium, nickel, arsenic, beryllium and chromium (VI) have been recognized as human or animal carcinogens by International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). The Carcinogenic capability of these metals depends mainly on factors such as oxidation states and chemical structures. The oxidative concept in metal carcinogenesis proposes that complexes formed by these metals, in vivo, in the vicinity of DNA, catalyze redox reactions, which in turn oxidize DNA. The most significant effect of reactive oxygen species in the carcinogenesis progression is DNA damage, which results in DNA lesions like strand breaks and the sister-chromatid exchange. This article reviews the carcinogenicity of various trace elements.

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Metals in Perspective

Cited by 109 publications

References 25 publications

Consumption of low-moderate level arsenic contaminated water does not increase spontaneous pregnancy loss: a case control study

Consumption of low-moderate level arsenic contaminated water does not increase spontaneous pregnancy loss: a case control study

Survey of the Levels of some Heavy Metals in Roadside Dusts along Katima Mulilo Urban Road Construction, Namibia

Trace elements and carcinogenicity: a subject in review

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