Metals in Waste Foundry Sands and an Evaluation of Their Leaching and Transport to Groundwater

Alves, Barbara S. Q.; Dungan, Robert S.; Carnin, Raquel Luiza Pereira; Galvez‐Cloutier, Rosa; Pinto, C.

doi:10.1007/s11270-014-1963-4

Cited by 30 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Individually reported by the XRD cards number 03-065-4184 and 01-072-4867. The presences of these metals suggest a metallic contamination promoted by the cast alloy as earlier mentioned by Alves et al (2014) [8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Waste Foundry sand Mineralogical Characterisation: The Impact of Cast Alloy, Casting Temperature and Molding Additive on the Nature Waste Foundry Sand

Nyembwe¹,

Makhatha²,

Mageza³

2017

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Abstract. The metal casting industry discharges huge volumes of waste foundry sand yearly. It was estimated to be 250 thousand tons of spent silica foundry sand for the existing 200 casting facilities in South Africa. Even though, establish documents exist in regards to the foundry sand composition, few well documented theories are available in regards to changes or mutations taking place after casting process. Four waste silica casting sands were qualitatively analyzed for they mineralogical phases composition using the X-ray diffraction (XRD). The investigation was conducted on various waste casting sand alloy including aluminum, cast iron, high chrome and steel. The result revealed a significant compositional difference related to the molding binder and casting temperature. Different silica phase's polymorph, related to the various alloy casting temperature, were observed in waste sand samples. Theses phases included alpha quartz, tridymite, and alpha cristobelite. The molding binder favored the crystalisation of bentonite related mineral such as periclase, microcline and wustite, within the greensand system. The chemically bonded sand exposed the presence of anorthite as the only existing mineralized phase in the resin sand. The mineralogical content of the waste foundry sand provides information on the molding binder used. In addition to that, silica polymorph it informs about the pouring temperature related to the cast alloy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Waste Foundry sand Mineralogical Characterisation: The Impact of Cast Alloy, Casting Temperature and Molding Additive on the Nature Waste Foundry Sand

Nyembwe¹,

Makhatha²,

Mageza³

2017

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“…Over the last several decades, FS has been reused as a subgrade material [15] in highway and soil stabilization application [16]. However, the waste that is reutilized in this way very is negligible, and the practice presents the risk of leaching intrusion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical and Durability Properties of Concrete Made with Used Foundry Sand as Fine Aggregate

Prabhu

Bang

Lee³

et al. 2015

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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In recent years, the construction industry has been faced with a decline in the availability of natural sand due to the growth of the industry. On the other hand, the metal casting industries are being forced to find ways to safely dispose of waste foundry sand (FS). With the aim of resolving both of these issues, an investigation was carried out on the reuse of waste FS as an alternative material to natural sand in concrete production, satisfied with relevant international standards. The physical and chemical properties of the FS were addressed. The influence of FS on the behaviour of concrete was evaluated through strength and durability properties. The test results revealed that compared to the concrete mixtures with a substitution rate of 30%, the control mixture had a strength value that was only 6.3% higher, and this enhancement is not particularly high. In a similar manner, the durability properties of the concrete mixtures containing FS up to 30% were relatively close to those of control mixture. From the test results, it is suggested that FS with a substitution rate of up to 30% can be effectively used in concrete production without affecting the strength and durability properties of the concrete.

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“…Lastly, the waste sand originating from the brass casting also showed an increase in lead (Pb) by 0.11% points. In this case, the presence of Pb is attributed to both: firstly, the binder modification (alkyd urethane) in order to fasten the curing time, a certain amount of lead in added [15][16] secondly, the cast alloy. The latter, contains up to 8% of Pb, enhancing better machinability of brass [17].…”

Section: Chemical Analysis (X-ray Fluorescence) Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It could be attributed to the bentonite clay, acting as the moulding binder. Since, Cr is present in the bentonite clay grain matrix [15].…”

Section: Chemical Analysis (X-ray Fluorescence) Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physico-Chemical Characterization of South African Waste Moulding Sands

Nyembwe

Makhatha

Madzivhandila

2016

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Abstract. Dry analysis techniques including X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM-EDS) and Fourier Transform Infra-red (FTIR) have been used to assess the Physico-chemical of waste sand samples, obtained from different local foundry. The casting process involved included Aluminum in shell sand, brass under alky urethane, grey iron in greensand moulding, high chrome using furan sand, steel casting in alkaline phenolic and lastly cast iron from greensand mould.The study revealed the transformations and changes which have taken place in the waste sand due to the casting process, in terms of chemical composition, mineralogy, morphology and bonding types. The study demonstrated that the waste sand after the casting process was a completely new material, compared to the original virgin sand used for moulding process.

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Metals in Waste Foundry Sands and an Evaluation of Their Leaching and Transport to Groundwater

Cited by 30 publications

References 19 publications

Waste Foundry sand Mineralogical Characterisation: The Impact of Cast Alloy, Casting Temperature and Molding Additive on the Nature Waste Foundry Sand

Waste Foundry sand Mineralogical Characterisation: The Impact of Cast Alloy, Casting Temperature and Molding Additive on the Nature Waste Foundry Sand

Mechanical and Durability Properties of Concrete Made with Used Foundry Sand as Fine Aggregate

Physico-Chemical Characterization of South African Waste Moulding Sands

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