Metarhizium baoshanense sp. nov., a New Entomopathogen Fungus from Southwestern China

Abstract

Authors' Contribution ZC designed the study, performed experimental work and analyzed the data. LX performed the experiment, analyzed the data and wrote the manuscript. XY helped in DNA extraction and PCR. YZ helped in morphological evaluation. YY helped in paper writing.

Revisiting Metarhizium and the description of new species from Thailand

“…Many new species were added to Metarhizium in the last five years ( Montalva et al., 2016 , Chen et al., 2017 , Luangsa-ard et al., 2017 , Chen et al., 2018a , Chen et al., 2018c , Luz et al., 2019 , Yamamoto et al., 2020 ), including the discovery of 19 new Metarhizium species and two new Purpureomyces species in this study. Despite all the works on Metarhizium and the increase in the number of species studied the support of the clades separating Metarhizium, Pochonia, Metapochonia and other related genera did not improve.…”

“… Species Substrate Countries found References Metarhizium acridum Orthoptera : Acrididae , Pyrgomorphidae Australia, Benin, Chad, Guinea-Bissau, Madagascar, Mali, Mexico, Niger, Senegal, Tanzania, Thailand, USA Driver et al (2000) , Bischoff et al (2009) , Database of ARSEF M. album Hemiptera : Cicadellidae Indonesia, Philippines Petch (1931) , Database of ARSEF M. alvesii Soil Brazil Lopes et al (2018) M. anisopliae Coleoptera : Chrysomelidae , Curculionidae , Elateridae , Scarabaeidae , Diptera : Stratiomyidae , Hemiptera : Pentatomidae, Cercopidae , Cicadellidae , Delphacidae , Lepidoptera : Noctuidae , Pyralidae , Orthoptera : Acrididae , Gryllotalpidae , Isoptera : Mastotermitidae , Rhinotermitidae , Termitidae , Soil Brazil, Colombia, Ethiopia, France, India, Indonesia, Japan, Moldova, Myanmar, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, USA, Western Samoa Bischoff et al (2009) , Database of ARSEF M. argentinense Blattodea : Blaberidae ( Epilampra sp.) Argentina Gutierrez et al (2019) M. atrovirens Coleoptera larva Japan Kobayasi & Shimizu (1978) , Kepler et al (2014) M. baoshanense Soil China Chen et al (2018a) M. bibionidarum Diptera : Bibionidae , Coleoptera : Scarabaeidae , Soil Japan, France Nishi et al (2017) M. biotecense Hemiptera : ...…”

“…(2009) elevated the varieties to species rank based on a multi-gene phylogenetic analyses that included M. guizhouense, M. pingshaense and M. taii . In the past decade, additional species were recognised using multi-gene analyses ( Bischoff et al., 2009 , Luangsa-ard et al., 2017 , Chen et al., 2018a , Chen et al., 2018c , Lopes et al., 2018 , Luz et al., 2019 , Yamamoto et al., 2020 , Thanakitpipattana et al., 2020 ) and members of the complex now include M. acridum, M. alvesii, M. anisopliae, M. baoshanense, M. brachyspermum, M. brittlebankisoides, M. brunneum, M. campsosterni, M. clavatum, M. globosum, M. guizhouense, M. humberi, M. indigoticum, M. majus, M. lepidiotae, M. kalasinense, M. pingshaense, M. robertsii , M. phasmatodeae, M. gryllidicola and M. sulphureum. Tulloch (1976) designated an isolate from a desert locust ( Orthoptera, Acrididae ) in Ethiopia that threatens agricultural crops as the neotype of M. anisopliae var.…”

“…Over the last decade, with increased availability of sequence data, recognition of new species in Metarhizium increased our understanding of its diversity, host affiliation, ecology and distribution with new species described from Argentina ( Gutierrez et al. 2019 ), Brazil ( Montalva et al., 2016 , Lopes et al., 2018 , Luz et al., 2019 ), China ( Li et al., 2010 , Chen et al., 2017 , Wen et al., 2017 , Chen et al., 2018a , Chen et al., 2018c ), Japan ( Nishi et al., 2017 , Iwasaki et al., 2019 , Yamamoto et al., 2020 ), and Thailand ( Luangsa-ard et al., 2017 , Thanakitpipattana et al., 2020 ).…”

“…Metarhizium anisopliae is used for control of insect pests in many countries around the world including Brazil, Iran, Japan, Thailand, and the USA ( Jackson and Jaronski, 2008 , Ghayedi and Abdollahi, 2013 , Thongkaewyuan and Chairin, 2018 , Beys-da-Silva et al., 2020 , Kim et al., 2020a , Kim et al., 2020b ) as an environmentally safe alternative to the use of chemical pesticides. Most of the initially identified M. anisopliae isolates may belong to any of the species in the M. anisopliae complex ( Bischoff et al., 2009 , Luangsa-ard et al., 2017 , Chen et al., 2018a , Chen et al., 2018c , Luz et al., 2019 , Yamamoto et al., 2020 ) and the host range reported for M. anisopliae in the past may belong to one of the newly erected species. In this complex, only M. acridum was regarded as specific to locusts and grasshoppers ( Vega et al.…”