Metastability, nucleation, and noise-enhanced stabilization out of equilibrium

Hurtado, Pablo I.; Marro, Joaquín; Garrido, P. L.

doi:10.1103/physreve.74.050101

Cited by 36 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Several theoretical studies have shown that the average escape time from metastable states in the presence of fluctuating and static potentials is characterized by nonmonotonical behavior with respect to the noise intensity [14,23,[53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67]. This resonance-like behavior, called noise enhanced stability (NES), is in contrast with the monotonic behavior predicted by Kramers theory [68,69]: the stability of metastable or unstable states is in fact enhanced by the noise with the average lifetime resulting larger than the deterministic one.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 46%

Nonlinear Relaxation Phenomena in Metastable Condensed Matter Systems

Spagnolo

Guarcello

Magazzù

et al. 2016

Entropy

100

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Nonlinear relaxation phenomena in three different systems of condensed matter are investigated. (i) First, the phase dynamics in Josephson junctions is analyzed. Specifically, a superconductor-graphene-superconductor (SGS) system exhibits quantum metastable states, and the average escape time from these metastable states in the presence of Gaussian and correlated fluctuations is calculated, accounting for variations in the the noise source intensity and the bias frequency. Moreover, the transient dynamics of a long-overlap Josephson junction (JJ) subject to thermal fluctuations and non-Gaussian noise sources is investigated. Noise induced phenomena are observed, such as the noise enhanced stability and the stochastic resonant activation. (ii) Second, the electron spin relaxation process in a n-type GaAs bulk driven by a fluctuating electric field is investigated. In particular, by using a Monte Carlo approach, we study the influence of a random telegraph noise on the spin polarized transport. Our findings show the possibility to raise the spin relaxation length by increasing the amplitude of the external fluctuations. Moreover, we find that, crucially, depending on the value of the external field strength, the electron spin depolarization length versus the noise correlation time increases up to a plateau. (iii) Finally, the stabilization of quantum metastable states by dissipation is presented. Normally, quantum fluctuations enhance the escape from metastable states in the presence of dissipation. We show that dissipation can enhance the stability of a quantum metastable system, consisting of a particle moving in a strongly asymmetric double well potential, interacting with a thermal bath. We find that the escape time from the metastable region has a nonmonotonic behavior versus the system-bath coupling and the temperature, producing a stabilizing effect.Keywords: metastability; nonequilibrium statistical mechanics and nonlinear relaxation time; noise enhanced stability; Josephson junction; spin polarized transport in semiconductors; open quantum systems; quantum noise enhanced stability

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 46%

Nonlinear Relaxation Phenomena in Metastable Condensed Matter Systems

Spagnolo

Guarcello

Magazzù

et al. 2016

Entropy

100

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“…The data obtained for i 0 = 0.5, shown in (a) of Figure 4, as the noise intensity increases, exhibit an effect of noise-enhanced stability (NES) [42,43,[56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74], a noise-induced phenomenon consisting of a nonmonotonic behavior with the appearance of a maximum. In the presence of NES, the stability of metastable states is enhanced, and the average lifetime of the metastable state increases non-monotonically with the noise intensity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stabilization Effects of Dichotomous Noise on the Lifetime of the Superconducting State in a Long Josephson Junction

Guarcello

Valenti

Carollo

et al. 2015

Entropy

103

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We investigate the superconducting lifetime of a long overdamped current-biased Josephson junction, in the presence of telegraph noise sources. The analysis is performed by randomly choosing the initial condition for the noise source. However, in order to investigate how the initial value of the dichotomous noise affects the phase dynamics, we extend our analysis using two different fixed initial values for the source of random fluctuations. In our study, the phase dynamics of the Josephson junction is analyzed as a function of the noise signal intensity, for different values of the parameters of the system and external driving currents. We find that the mean lifetime of the superconductive metastable state as a function of the noise intensity is characterized by nonmonotonic behavior, strongly related to the soliton dynamics during the switching towards the resistive state. The role of the correlation time of the noise source is also taken into account. Noise-enhanced stability is observed in the investigated system.

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“…[16,17]), which means that the Brownian particle will be trapped into the metastable state in the limit of very small noise intensities; (b) a nonmonotonic behavior of the lifetime of the metastable state as a function of the noise intensity and as a function of the driving frequency of the fluctuating potential (see Ref [10]). Noise-enhanced stabilization out of equilibrium in a study of metastability and nucleation in a kinetic two-dimensional Ising model was recently predicted in Ref [18]. Moreover a nonmonotonic behavior of the mean first passage time (MFPT) of a Brownian colloidal particle in a symmetric fluctuating periodic spatial potential as a function of the oscillation period was revealed [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[18]). It was demonstrated that the metastable lifetimes for impurity-free kinetic Ising models exhibit system-size and field dependence.…”

Section: Ising Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhancement of stability in systems with metastable states

Spagnolo¹,

Augello²,

Fiasconaro³

et al. 2007

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Abstract.The investigation of noise-induced phenomena in far from equilibrium systems is one of the approach used to understand the behaviour of physical and biological complex systems. Metastability is a generic feature of many nonlinear systems, and the problem of the lifetime of metastable states involves fundamental aspects of nonequilibrium statistical mechanics. The enhancement of the lifetime of metastable states through the noise enhanced stability effect and the role played by the resonant activation phenomenon will be discussed in models of interdisciplinary physics: (i) Ising model (ii) Josephson junction; (iii) stochastic FitzHugh-Nagumo model; (iv) a population dynamics model, and (v) a market model with stochastic volatility.

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Metastability, nucleation, and noise-enhanced stabilization out of equilibrium

Cited by 36 publications

References 18 publications

Nonlinear Relaxation Phenomena in Metastable Condensed Matter Systems

Nonlinear Relaxation Phenomena in Metastable Condensed Matter Systems

Stabilization Effects of Dichotomous Noise on the Lifetime of the Superconducting State in a Long Josephson Junction

Enhancement of stability in systems with metastable states

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