Metastable structures of liquid-quenched and vapour-quenched antimony films

Resolving few-layer antimonene/graphene heterostructures

“…cubic Sb[001]⊥graphene(001) = cubic Sb(001)||graphene(001). 47,50 Cubic Sb polymorphs are related to rhombohedral β-Sb via a unidirectional deformation. [54][55][56] While the existence of cubic Sb in bulk form has been a long-standing matter of debate in literature, [52][53][54][55][56] cubic Sb is typically associated with high pressure conditions but has also been reported to occur in Sb thin films, presumably formed via substrate-induced stress.…”

“…simple cubic, body-centered-cubic, facecentered-cubic and hexagonally-close-packed Sb. [47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56] Most of these phases are related via small atomic rearrangements, 31,[54][55][56] and some even have been suggested to show thickness dependent phase transitions in nanostructures. 31 This polymorphicity calls for close control over Sb's structure in any potential synthesis scenario for the various desired application fields.…”

Hypervalent Bonding in One, Two, and Three Dimensions: Extending the Zintl-Klemm Concept to Nonclassical Electron-Rich Networks

“…Cubic Sb has also been prepared as a metastable phase by quenching from liquid and vapor. [46] The SbÀSb bond length in that phase is 3.16 , which is longer than that in Sb after high-pressure treatment. One can think of elemental Astype Sb as having undergone a Peierls distortion [18] from cubic Sb.…”

“…A metastable cubic phase can also be synthesized by quenching from liquid and vapor. [46] Under ambient conditions elemental Sb takes on an As-type structureÐthreeconnected sheets stacked on top of each other in such a way (see Figure 5) that a compression along the stacked direction would result in the formation of a cubic lattice. Turning the reasoning around, one can think of an elemental Sb sheetlike structure as derived from a simple cubic lattice through a Peierls distortion (Figure 20) corresponding to reciprocal nesting vector 1 2 x Å* 1 2 y Å* 1 2 z Å*.…”

Hypervalenzbindung in einer, zwei und drei Dimensionen: Erweiterung des Zintl-Klemm-Konzepts auf nichtklassische elektronenreiche Netze

“…Wie im Fall der oben beschriebenen Bänder werden dreifach verknüpfte Antimonatome als neu- den Sb-Sb-Abstand zwischen zwei Schichten (3.34 ), kann man von neutralen, dreifach verknüpften Antimonatomen ausgehen, die eine 2D-Schicht bilden, wobei jedes Antimonatom pyramidal umgeben ist. [46] In dieser Phase sind die Sb-Sb-Bindungen 3.16 lang und damit länger als in der Hochdruckmodifikation. Der Abstand zwischen zwei Antimonatomen benachbarter Schichten ist mit 3.34 beträchtlich kleiner als der Sb´´´Sb-van-der-Waals-Abstand.…”