Metastases to the Thyroid: A Review of the Literature from the Last Decade

Chung, Alice Y; Tran, Thuy B.; Brumund, Kevin T.; Weisman, Robert A.; Bouvet, Michael

doi:10.1089/thy.2010.0154

Cited by 263 publications

(425 citation statements)

References 112 publications

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“…Studies have suggested that metastatic disease to thyroid may be more common in diseased thyroid such as thyroiditis or goiter [11]. One recent literature review suggests that 44.2% of metastasis occurred in diseased thyroid gland [3]. It is important to highlight here that our patient also has a history of long standing goiter which developed metastatic disease later in the course.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…However, initial diagnostic test of choice is FNAC. Chung et al reviewed patients of metastatic disease to thyroid from non-thyroid malignancies and reported that FNAC provided exact diagnosis in 73.7% of the patients [3]. If inconclusive, biopsy and immunohistochemistry should be performed [12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Factors contributing to low rate of metastasis include iodine found in thyroid gland and fast arterial supply, which create unfitting backdrop for tumor implantation and progression [2]. However, a number of malignancies from various systems including renal cell, colorectal and others can metastasize to thyroid gland [3]. Lung carcinomas are responsible for 8.3% of the metastatic disease of the thyroid gland [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, a number of malignancies from various systems including renal cell, colorectal and others can metastasize to thyroid gland [3]. Lung carcinomas are responsible for 8.3% of the metastatic disease of the thyroid gland [3]. Adenocarcinomas constitute the most frequent subtype of pulmonary malignancy metastasizing to thyroid, while small cell metastasis to thyroid is least commonly occurring phenomena.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Small Cell Carcinoma Metastasis to Thyroid Gland: A Case Report

Mehmood¹,

Ahmad²,

Khan³

2017

Surgery Curr Res

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Lung carcinomas are rarely responsible for the metastatic disease of the thyroid gland. Despite high potential for metastasis of small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC), thyroid remains a rare site for metastatic disease. Literature review showed only a few cases of small cell carcinoma metastasizing to the thyroid. We present case of a male patient who presented to us with neck swelling which initially posed a great diagnostic difficulty but later diagnosed as metastatic small cell thyroid carcinoma on incisional biopsy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Small Cell Carcinoma Metastasis to Thyroid Gland: A Case Report

Mehmood¹,

Ahmad²,

Khan³

2017

Surgery Curr Res

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“…Combined diagnoses are common in the thyroid and are frequently represented by the mixture of cell populations aspirated. The hyperplastic, inflammatory, or even neoplastic background makes the identification of metastasis more difficult [30,31,34]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary or Second Primary Malignancy in the Thyroid? Metastatic Tumors Suggested Clinically: A Differential Diagnostic Task

Dušková

Přeučil²,

Svobodová³

et al. 2014

Acta Cytologica

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Objective: To describe the algorithms employed to explore the suggestion or consideration of metastatic malignancy in the thyroid. Study Design: Thirty-seven cases with a history of malignancy (n = 21) and/or uncommon fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) findings (n = 37) were reviewed and reclassified according to The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC). Results: The group was heterogeneous in terms of the final histopathology results: the suggested metastasis was confirmed in only half of the cases (11/21; 52.4%). Primary thyroid malignancies were mostly nondifferentiated, medullary, or rare. However, 3 papillary carcinomas (the less common variants) were also found. Finally, 5 out of 37 cases were surprisingly benign upon histopathological investigation (uncommon repair and fibrotizing Hashimoto thyroiditis). Conclusions: The metastatic nature of thyroid gland nodule(s) must be considered in cases of generalization of malignancy and/or uncommon FNAB findings. We must be as open-minded as possible from the outset. Additional techniques are helpful if available - cytoblock and immunocytochemistry can contribute substantially. Morphological comparisons with the previous malignancy are recommended whenever possible. To avoid overtreatment, cases without precise typing should not be classified as TBSRTC diagnostic category VI - malignant, but should remain in TBSRTC diagnostic category V - suspicious for malignancy. Repeated FNAB to enable additional techniques may be suggested.

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Rapidly Enlarging Thyroid Mass in a Patient With History of Multiple Cancers

2017

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A woman in her 30s noticed a painless left neck mass. She had no history of dysphagia, dyspnea, recent upper respiratory tract infection, injury, or surgery. She also had no weight loss, pain, or fever and had no history of tobacco or alcohol use, radiation exposure, family history of thyroid cancer, and no previous thyroid dysfunction. Thyroid function test results were normal. Physical examination revealed a palpable nontender, firm mass and no cervical lymphadenopathy. She had a medical history of high-grade osteosarcoma with areas of leimyosarcoma of the tibia which had been treated with right above-knee amputation and chemotherapy 4 years prior to presentation. She was followed up in the oncology clinic without any recurrence or metastases. Her last visit was 6 months earlier. She was also diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix 2 months earlier and was awaiting surgery. Computed tomography (CT) of the neck revealed a 6.0 × 3.4 × 4.4-cm calcified left thyroid lobe mass (Figure , A). Positron emission tomography-computed tomographic (PET-CT) imaging showed increased uptake in the left thyroid gland. She underwent a left thyroid lobectomy. The neoplastic cells were positive for p53, vimentin, and smooth muscle actin, and negative for S-100, thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1), and CD34 (Figure , B). Computed tomographic image A Histopathologic image B Spin: −0 Tilt: −29 Figure. A, Computed tomographic image reveals a calcified mass (blue arrowhead). B; Left, negative immunostain results for S-100; right, positive immunostain results for vimentin (original magnification ×100). WHAT IS YOUR DIAGNOSIS? A. Thyroid lymphoma B. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma C. Osteosarcoma metastasis D. Squamous cell carcinoma metastasis Clinical Review & Education

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Metastases to the Thyroid: A Review of the Literature from the Last Decade

Cited by 263 publications

References 112 publications

Small Cell Carcinoma Metastasis to Thyroid Gland: A Case Report

Small Cell Carcinoma Metastasis to Thyroid Gland: A Case Report

Secondary or Second Primary Malignancy in the Thyroid? Metastatic Tumors Suggested Clinically: A Differential Diagnostic Task

Rapidly Enlarging Thyroid Mass in a Patient With History of Multiple Cancers

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