Metastasizing Atypical Fibroxanthoma (Cutaneous Malignant Histiocytoma): Report of Five Cases

Cooper, Jennifer Z.; Newman, Scott R.; Scott, Glynis; Brown, Marc D.

doi:10.1111/j.1524-4725.2005.31046

Cited by 53 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Lazova et al [5] retrospectively examined 20 MFH cases and 20 AFX cases and reported that 90% of the MFH cases were positive for CD74, whereas 90% of the AFX cases were negative for CD74. It is noteworthy that CD74-positive AFX tends to have a more aggressive behavior [6]. Positivity of CD74 in our case supports the diagnosis of MFH.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

A case of cutaneous malignant fibrous histiocytoma with multiple organ metastases

Suzuki

Watanabe

Katô

et al. 2012

The Kaohsiung J of Med Scie

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Malignant fibrous histiocytoma is a soft tissue sarcoma that most commonly occurs in the extremities and rarely metastasizes cutaneously. A 79-year-old male patient consulted a dermatologist 11 months after recognizing an intractable ulcer on the right mandible. Punch biopsy revealed eosinophilic tumor cells in the dermal area and proliferation of rich spindle cells. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma or atypical fibroxanthoma was suspected and he was referred to our hospital. Red plaque tumors on the right mandible and right temple were 30 mm and 15 mm in size, respectively. The right mandible lesion was ulcerated. Immunohistochemically, the lesions were positive for CD10, CD74 and alpha-smooth muscle actin. Radiological analysis revealed multiple organ metastases, including bone, liver, lung and skin on the right temple. The patient was diagnosed with malignant fibrous histiocytoma, stage IV and died 8 weeks after the first visit due to respiratory failure. Cutaneous malignant fibrous histiocytoma has a poor prognosis resulting in death.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

A case of cutaneous malignant fibrous histiocytoma with multiple organ metastases

Suzuki

Watanabe

Katô

et al. 2012

The Kaohsiung J of Med Scie

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“…CD74 expression has also been found in nonhematologic malignancies, including gastric (31), renal (32), non -small cell lung (33), and thymic epithelium neoplasms (34), certain types of sarcoma (fibrous histiocytoma; ref. 35), and atypical fibroxanthoma, an unusual malignant fibrohistiocytic tumor of sun-damaged skin (36). CD74 expression in many of these cancers has been suggested to be a prognostic factor, with higher relative rates of CD74 behaving as a marker of tumor progression or poor clinical outcome (37).…”

Section: Cd74 Molecule: Structure Function and Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CD74: A New Candidate Target for the Immunotherapy of B-Cell Neoplasms

Stein

Mattes

Cardillo

et al. 2007

Clinical Cancer Research

198

164

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CD74 is an integral membrane protein that functions as a MHC class II chaperone. Moreover, it has recently been shown to have a role as an accessory-signaling molecule and has been implicated in malignant B-cell proliferation and survival.These biological functions combined with expression of CD74 on malignant B cells and limited expression on normal tissues implicate CD74 as a potential therapeutic target. The anti-CD74 monoclonal antibody LL1 has been humanized (hLL1milatuzumab or IMMU-115) and can provide the basis for novel therapeutic approaches to B-cell malignancies, particularly because this antibody shows rapid internalization into CD74 + malignant cells. This article reviews the preclinical evaluations of LL1, its humanized form, and isotope, drug, and toxin conjugates. These studies show that unconjugated hLL1and conjugates of hLL1constructs with radioisotopes, doxorubicin, and frog RNase have high antitumor activity innon^Hodgkin's lymphoma and multiple myeloma invitro andin tumor xenograft models. Singledose studies of hLL1 in monkeys showed no adverse effects but did decrease circulating B and T lymphocytes and natural killer cells. When evaluated in combination with rituximab, either equivalent or improved efficacy, compared with either antibody alone, was observed. CD74 is a new candidate target for the immunotherapy of neoplasms expressing this antigen, which can be exploited using either a naked antibody or conjugated to isotopes, drugs, or toxins. CD74 (invariant chain, Ii) is a type II transmembraneglycoprotein that associates with the MHC class II a and h chains and directs the transport of the ahIi (invariant chain) complexes to endosomes and lysosomes (1 -4). In addition, CD74 is involved in signaling pathway functioning as a survival receptor (5). These biological functions, combined with expression of CD74 on malignant B cells and limited expression on normal tissues, implicate CD74 as a potential therapeutic target. The anti-CD74 monoclonal antibody (mAb) LL1 has been humanized (hLL1 milatuzumab or IMMU-115) and can provide the basis for novel therapeutic approaches to B-cell malignancies. This article reviews the preclinical evaluations of LL1, its humanized form, and isotope, drug, and toxin conjugates. The evidence suggests that hLL1 is a promising candidate antibody for the therapy of CD74-expressing malignancies, such as non -Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and multiple myeloma (MM). Due to its rapid internalization property, hLL1 also shows considerable promise as a drug, isotope, or toxin immunoconjugate. CD74 Molecule: Structure, Function, and ExpressionCD74 has 30 NH 2 -terminal, intracytoplasmic amino acid residues, a 26-amino acid hydrophobic transmembrane region, and a 160-amino acid extracytoplasmic domain containing two N-linked carbohydrate chains (1, 6). Once synthesized, CD74, DRa, and DRh begin to associate within the endoplasmic reticulum. This is believed to occur by sequential addition of DRa/h heterodimers to a trimeric core of CD74 molecules until a nine-subunit...

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“…7 Another patient developed localized cutaneous metastases of the scalp. 8 In a report by Cooper and colleagues, 9 they describe five patients who developed distant metastases. These patients all had a history of aggressive cutaneous malignancies or other noncutaneous malignancies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Atypical Fibroxanthoma: Review of the Literature and Summary of 13 Patients Treated with Mohs Micrographic Surgery

Seavolt¹,

McCall²

2006

Dermatologic Surgery

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Metastasizing Atypical Fibroxanthoma (Cutaneous Malignant Histiocytoma): Report of Five Cases

Abstract: The metastatic potential of AFX may be underestimated. LN-2 staining may be a useful marker in identifying more aggressive tumor behavior.

Cited by 53 publications

References 19 publications

A case of cutaneous malignant fibrous histiocytoma with multiple organ metastases

A case of cutaneous malignant fibrous histiocytoma with multiple organ metastases

CD74: A New Candidate Target for the Immunotherapy of B-Cell Neoplasms

Atypical Fibroxanthoma: Review of the Literature and Summary of 13 Patients Treated with Mohs Micrographic Surgery

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