Metastatic Basal Cell Carcinoma in Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome—Related Complex

Sitz, Karl

doi:10.1001/jama.1987.03390030070024

Cited by 89 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The pigmentation phenotype is probably an independent risk factor that is added to the increased risk of BCC conferred by the immunosuppression. There have been some reports of BCCs metastasizing in people suffering from AIDS, 152,153 suggesting that immune surveillance is one of the factors determining the normally non‐metastatic nature of the BCC. Why immunosuppression by HIV increases the risk of BCC, whereas pharmaceutical immunosuppression does not is not clear.…”

Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular aetiology and pathogenesis of basal cell carcinoma

et al. 2005

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Summary Recent insights into the cell biology of the epidermis and its appendages are transforming our understanding of the pathogenesis of basal cell carcinoma (BCC). The significant progress that has been made warrants a comprehensive review of the molecular and cellular pathology of BCC. The items addressed include environmental and genetic risk factors, the biology of the putative precursor cell(s), and the contribution of aberrations in processes such as apoptosis, cell proliferation, differentiation and signalling to carcinogenesis. Furthermore, established and novel treatment modalities are discussed with particular attention to future biological approaches.

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Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular aetiology and pathogenesis of basal cell carcinoma

et al. 2005

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“…The median age of patients with metastatic BCC at the time of diagnosis of the primary lesion is about 45–56 years, and metastases appear at a median of about 9 years later 9–11. Factors that may predispose to the development of metastatic BCC include male gender,9 primary lesion in the ear region9,11,12 and face,11 large11 and locally invasive13 primary tumors, recurrence following initial treatment,11 and impairment of cell mediated immunity (eg, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, therapeutic immunosuppression) 14,15…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Profile of vismodegib and its potential in the treatment of advanced basal cell carcinoma

Macha¹,

Batra²,

Ganti³

2013

CMAR

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Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common human malignancy. Recent advances in our understanding of the critical biologic pathways implicated in the development and progression of BCC have led to the development of the first molecular targeted therapy for this disease. The hedgehog pathway is mutated in virtually all patients with BCC and recent trials with vismodegib, an inhibitor of this pathway, have shown significant responses. This review will discuss the importance of the hedgehog pathway in the pathogenesis of BCC and describe in detail the pharmacology of vismodegib in relation to its activity in advanced BCC.

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“…mBCC occurs in 0·0028–0·5% of all cases of BCC and a number of clinical and histological risk factors have been defined, some of which were present in our patients 1,2 . Furthermore, HIV infection might have played a role in our first patient 5,6 . The prognosis remains poor with a mean survival ranging from 8 months to 3·6 years and a median overall survival of approximately 11 months 2 …”

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confidence: 98%

Metastatic basal cell carcinoma: report of two cases treated with cetuximab

Caron

Dereure

Kérob

et al. 2009

British Journal of Dermatology

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6 Weatherhead SC, Haniffa M, Lawrence CM. Melanomas arising from naevi and de novo melanomas-does origin matter? Br J Dermatol 2007; 156:72-6. 7 Curtin JA, Fridlyand J, Kageshita T et al. Distinct sets of genetic alterations in melanoma. N Engl J Med 2005; 353:2135-47. SIR, The article 'The ultrastructure of acantholysis in pemphigus vulgaris' by Drs Diercks, Pas and Jonkman 1 confirms prior electron microscopic observations made by multiple investigators in patients with pemphigus 2-4 and in in vitro and in vivo models of pemphigus acantholysis. 5-7 These and the article by Diercks et al. 1 show that the initial event in pemphigus acantholysis is the separation of keratinocytes from each other at sites where there are no desmosomes. Desmosomes do not separate from each other until very late in acantholysis, if at all. Often, desmosomes continue to stick so tightly to each other that they are ripped off from acantholytic keratinocytes without coming apart.We have previously summarized these and other observations and their implications. 8,9 They lead to two important conclusions: (i) acantholysis in pemphigus is not caused by loss of desmosomal adhesion due to autoantibodies blocking the adhesive properties of desmogleins; and (ii) rather, they suggest acantholysis occurs because the cytoskeleton of keratinocytes is disrupted causing these cells to collapse and to shrink more than desmosomes can hold them together. We call this the 'basal cell shrinkage hypothesis'. 8 Recently published experimental results have further substantiated this hypothesis. 10 We are pleased the observations of Diercks et al. 1 provide further support for it.

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Metastatic Basal Cell Carcinoma in Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome—Related Complex

Cited by 89 publications

References 28 publications

Molecular aetiology and pathogenesis of basal cell carcinoma

Molecular aetiology and pathogenesis of basal cell carcinoma

Profile of vismodegib and its potential in the treatment of advanced basal cell carcinoma

Metastatic basal cell carcinoma: report of two cases treated with cetuximab

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