Metastatic Carcinoma of Unknown Primary

Conner, James; Hornick, Jason L.

doi:10.1097/pap.0000000000000069

Cited by 114 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 174 publications

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“…Its crisp nuclear staining pattern and its high rate of positivity in metastases (98.6%, Gurel et al [30]), which this study confirms, have made it a popular diagnostic marker that is already endorsed by ISUP in their recommendations on diagnostic markers for genito–urinary pathology [11,30,31,32,33]. In particular, its combination with PSA is promising, as the high detection rate of 100% found in this study witnesses.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Sensitivity of HOXB13 as a Diagnostic Immunohistochemical Marker of Prostatic Origin in Prostate Cancer Metastases: Comparison to PSA, Prostein, Androgen Receptor, ERG, NKX3.1, PSAP, and PSMA

Kristiansen

Stephan

Jung

et al. 2017

IJMS

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Aims: Determining the origin of metastases is an important task of pathologists to allow for the initiation of a tumor-specific therapy. Recently, homeobox protein Hox-B13 (HOXB13) has been suggested as a new marker for the detection of prostatic origin. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic sensitivity of HOXB13 in comparison to commonly used immunohistochemical markers for prostate cancer. Materials and methods: Histologically confirmed prostate cancer lymph node metastases from 64 cases were used to test the diagnostic value of immunohistochemical markers: prostate specific antigen (PSA), Prostatic acid phosphatase (PSAP), prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA), homeobox gene NKX3.1, prostein, androgen receptor (AR), HOXB13, and ETS-related gene (ERG). All markers were evaluated semi-quantitatively using Remmele’s immune reactive score. Results: The detection rate of prostate origin of metastasis for single markers was 100% for NKX3.1, 98.1% for AR, 84.3% for PSMA, 80.8% for PSA, 66% for PSAP, 60.4% for HOXB13, 59.6% for prostein, and 50.0% for ERG. Conclusions: Our data suggest that HOXB13 on its own lacks sensitivity for the detection of prostatic origin. Therefore, this marker should be only used in conjunction with other markers, preferably the highly specific PSA. The combination of PSA with NKX3.1 shows a higher sensitivity and thus appears preferable in this setting.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Sensitivity of HOXB13 as a Diagnostic Immunohistochemical Marker of Prostatic Origin in Prostate Cancer Metastases: Comparison to PSA, Prostein, Androgen Receptor, ERG, NKX3.1, PSAP, and PSMA

Kristiansen

Stephan

Jung

et al. 2017

IJMS

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“…1 Pathologic identification of colonic adenocarcinoma presenting as a mass in the colon does not generally pose diagnostic difficulties; however, approximately 3% to 5% of all new diagnoses of malignancy present as metastases from a carcinoma of unknown primary. 2 The transcription factor SATB2 was recently identified as a potential marker of high specificity in colorectal adenocarcinoma when used in conjunction with marker CK20. 3 The biology, expression pattern, and potential diagnostic utility and pitfalls of SATB2 will be reviewed in this paper.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

SATB2 as an Immunohistochemical Marker for Colorectal Adenocarcinoma: A Concise Review of Benefits and Pitfalls

Berg¹,

Schaeffer²

2016

Archives of Pathology &Amp; Laboratory Medicine

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SATB2 is part of the family of matrix attachment region-binding transcription factors, and has developmental roles in craniofacial, neural, and osteoblastic differentiation. Recently, SATB2 has been shown to be highly expressed in the epithelium of the lower gastrointestinal tract, with a relatively narrow expression profile in malignancies, including colorectal/appendiceal adenocarcinomas, tumors of osteoblastic differentiation, and renal/urothelial carcinomas. SATB2 has gained interest as a relatively specific marker of colorectal differentiation, with potential applications including determining origin of adenocarcinomas of unknown primary and distinguishing primary ovarian mucinous adenocarcinomas from colorectal metastases. Here, we briefly review the biology, expression profile, and potential histologic applications of SATB2.

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“…Immunohistochemistry analysis is an important component in distinguishing cancer of unknown primary versus a rare primary tumor 4 . However, markers for cancer of unknown primary are not uniformly site specific or sensitive.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metastatic cutaneous apocrine carcinoma: Multidisciplinary approach achieving complete response with adjuvant chemoradiation

Hibler¹,

Barker²,

Hollmann³

et al. 2017

JAAD Case Reports

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Metastatic Carcinoma of Unknown Primary

Cited by 114 publications

References 174 publications

Sensitivity of HOXB13 as a Diagnostic Immunohistochemical Marker of Prostatic Origin in Prostate Cancer Metastases: Comparison to PSA, Prostein, Androgen Receptor, ERG, NKX3.1, PSAP, and PSMA

Sensitivity of HOXB13 as a Diagnostic Immunohistochemical Marker of Prostatic Origin in Prostate Cancer Metastases: Comparison to PSA, Prostein, Androgen Receptor, ERG, NKX3.1, PSAP, and PSMA

SATB2 as an Immunohistochemical Marker for Colorectal Adenocarcinoma: A Concise Review of Benefits and Pitfalls

Metastatic cutaneous apocrine carcinoma: Multidisciplinary approach achieving complete response with adjuvant chemoradiation

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