Metastatic granular cell tumor to the breast diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology: A case report with review of the literature

Mir, Fatima; Alnajar, Hussein; Rohra, Prih; Naumaan, Anam; Cheng, Lin; Gattuso, Paolo

doi:10.1002/dc.24060

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In our series, cases 5 and 7 showed fibrosis score 3‐4, and FNAC was less cellular and mainly represented by naked nuclei as occurred in other experiences 13 , 17 . Specimen cellularity may be variable, ranging from scant to abundant on FNAC samples 7‐20 and the presence of naked nuclei may depend on the fibrosis associated with the tumour 2 , 29 . Therefore, when smears are poorly cellular, attention should be paid to the finely granular background containing few whole cells, which may be the only features to suggest GCT.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…FNAC is now a valid and accurate means in the preoperative evaluation of mesenchymal tumours 19‐21 . FNAC features of GCT may be sufficient, in typical cases, for an accurate FNAC diagnosis 7 , 8 , 10‐12 , 14 , 15 , 18 . Nonetheless, because of the rarity and atypical anatomical or cytological presentation, GCT has been cytologically confused with proliferative myositis, 7 breast apocrine cells 11 or thyroid Hurthle cells 9 , 13 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) features of GCT have been described 2‐21 but, even though GCT may arise in different sites, FNAC reports mainly account for GCT from specific sites that are more frequently targeted by FNAC (ie, breast, thyroid, skin) 2‐21 . GCT cytological features and diagnostic criteria are well known and sufficiently typical to suggest the FNAC diagnosis 2‐20 . Nonetheless, in some cases, cytological features may be less specific and the FNAC diagnosis of GCT may be difficult or impossible 11 , 13 , 17 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Atypical cytological presentation of granular cell tumour: Tumour‐associated fibrosis may affect fine‐needle aspiration cytology accuracy

Vitagliano¹,

Montella

Cozzolino

et al. 2020

Cytopathology

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The cytological features of granular cell tumour (GCT) are generally quite typical but, in some cases, the fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) diagnosis of GCT may be difficult or impossible because of unusual sites of onset or equivocal cytological features. In this report, two GCTs with atypical FNAC features are described in order to investigate the causes and provide possible diagnostic tips. From a series of nine histologically proven GCTs, two inconclusive FNAC cases were retrieved. Smears were poorly cellular showing isolated naked nuclei, anisonucleosis, granular chromatin and occasional small nucleoli. The background was finely granular in one case. Histological controls of these cases revealed marked fibrosis. Tumour‐associated fibrosis in GCT is variable and does not seem to influence clinical behaviour but it influences the harvest and the integrity of granular cells collected by FNAC. When GCT smears are poorly cellular, attention should be paid to the granular background and to the few granular cells, if any, as they might be the only features to suggest a GCT.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Atypical cytological presentation of granular cell tumour: Tumour‐associated fibrosis may affect fine‐needle aspiration cytology accuracy

Vitagliano¹,

Montella

Cozzolino

et al. 2020

Cytopathology

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“…Granular cell tumor (GCT) is a rare type of tumor originating from the Schwann cells of peripheral nerves and is usually encountered in the head, neck, and tongue regions ( 1 , 2 ). GCT is composed of cell clusters and niduses of eosinophilic cytoplasmic granules with vesicular nuclei.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multimodal ultrasonography findings of extramammary granular cell tumors: Two case reports

Zhu

Chen

et al. 2023

Front. Oncol.

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Extramammary masses are infrequently encountered in breast examinations. They may occur in the chest wall and axilla as neighbors of the breast. It is important to determine the nature of the lesion. However, some benign tumors, such as granular cell tumors (GCTs), also show malignant characteristics, which leads to misdiagnosis. To the best of our knowledge, multimodal ultrasound features of GCT have not been elucidated. We report two cases of women with GCTs encountered upon breast cancer screening; the tumor was not located in breast tissue. The first patient was a 37-year-old woman who presented with a slow-growing mass in the right breast and the GCT was located in the pectoralis major muscle. The second patient was a 52-year-old woman who presented with a palpable left axillary mass and the GCT was located in the axilla. Mammography failed to detect the masses in the two patients upon breast cancer screening. However, two-dimensional ultrasonography revealed a solid heterogeneous hypoechoic mass. Shear wave elastography showed that the masses had an increased hardness compared with the surrounding tissue. Further contrast-enhanced ultrasonography showed that the contrast patterns of the two masses were different. In case one, contrast-enhanced ultrasonography showed an inhomogeneous annular high enhancement, and the dynamic curve showed rapid enhancement and regression. In case two, contrast enhanced ultrasound showed slight enhancement around the lesion but no enhancement inside. Postoperative pathology confirmed that the GCT was benign in both cases. The patients showed no signs of recurrence at the 2-year follow-up. Here, we report two cases and present the multimodal ultrasonography findings of this tumor for the first time. Radiologists and surgeons should be aware of these imaging manifestations and include them in their differential diagnoses.

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Metastatic Malignant Granular Cell Tumor in the Lymph Node: A Cytological Report With Immunocytochemical Analysis

Okanishi,

Ishida,

Kohno

et al. 2024

Diagnostic Cytopathology

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Granular cell tumors (GCTs) are relatively rare, whereas malignant GCTs are extremely rare. This brief report describes a cytological case of metastatic malignant GCT in the lymph node with immunocytochemical analysis. A 77 years old Japanese female with a history of surgical resection for malignant GCT in the back 8 years earlier presented with swelling of the right neck. Intraoperative touch smear of the biopsy specimen of the neck lymph node showed the presence of clusters of polygonal neoplastic cells as well as single neoplastic cells containing rich granular cytoplasm and eccentrically located large round to oval nuclei in a background of granular material. Immunocytochemical analysis demonstrated that these neoplastic cells showed positivity for S‐100 protein and SOX10, and negativity for Melan‐A and HMB45. According to these findings, a cytodiagnosis of metastatic malignant GCT was made with consideration of her history. Histopathological analysis confirmed a metastatic malignant GCT. The present study indicates that immunocytochemical staining for S‐100 protein and SOX10 combined with cytomorphological features might be useful for the cytodiagnosis of malignant GCT.

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Metastatic granular cell tumor to the breast diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology: A case report with review of the literature

Cited by 6 publications

References 11 publications

Atypical cytological presentation of granular cell tumour: Tumour‐associated fibrosis may affect fine‐needle aspiration cytology accuracy

Atypical cytological presentation of granular cell tumour: Tumour‐associated fibrosis may affect fine‐needle aspiration cytology accuracy

Multimodal ultrasonography findings of extramammary granular cell tumors: Two case reports

Metastatic Malignant Granular Cell Tumor in the Lymph Node: A Cytological Report With Immunocytochemical Analysis

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