Metasurface Holography with Multiplexing and Reconfigurability

Abstract

Metasurface holography offers significant advantages, including a broad field of view, minimal noise, and high imaging quality, making it valuable across various optical domains such as 3D displays, VR, and color displays. However, most passive pure-structured metasurface holographic devices face a limitation: once fabricated, as their functionality remains fixed. In recent developments, the introduction of multiplexed and reconfigurable metasurfaces breaks this limitation. Here, the comprehensive progress in holography from single metasurfaces to multiplexed and reconfigurable metasurfaces is reviewed. First, single metasurface holography is briefly introduced. Second, the latest progress in angular momentum multiplexed metasurface holography, including basic characteristics, design strategies, and diverse applications, is discussed. Next, a detailed overview of wavelength-sensitive, angle-sensitive, and polarization-controlled holograms is considered. The recent progress in reconfigurable metasurface holography based on lumped elements is highlighted. Its instant on-site programmability combined with machine learning provides the possibility of realizing movie-like dynamic holographic displays. Finally, we briefly summarize this rapidly growing area of research, proposing future directions and potential applications.

Dual-Band All-Optical Logic Gates by Coherent Absorption in an Amorphous Silicon Graphene Metasurface

“…Optical logic gates, the fundamental element of optical computing, have attracted much attention due to their ultrahigh process speed, high information capacity, and low power consumption [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. Metamaterials and their two-dimensional (2D) equivalents metasurfaces, are the artificial metal or dielectric structures that can manipulate the amplitude, phase, and polarization of electromagnetic waves in the subwavelength scale [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ], which have been applied in a wide range of fields, including negative refraction [ 8 ], beam steering [ 9 ], holography [ 10 ], perfect absorption effect [ 5 ], sensing [ 6 ], etc. With the development of nanotechnology, metamaterials and metasurfaces have been used to realize optical logic gates for their advantages of integrability, broad operation bandwidth, and ability to manipulate light in the subwavelength scale [ 11 , 12 , 13 ].…”

Flexible holographic metasurfaces for shape dependent imaging and curvature sensing

“…Holographic metasurfaces (HMs) have been demonstrated to achieve many functional applications, particularly in optical imaging, encryption, sensing, and display, due to their ability to encode and reconstruct single or multiple information through one design [1]. The multiplexing can be achieved by exploiting the different properties of light, such as wavelength, angle of incidence, polarization and angular momentum, or external parameters, such as the refractive index of the surrounding medium [2]. The advantage of mature design and fabrication processes makes them excellent candidates for replacing the bulky elements in optical systems, such as lenses for high resolution imaging [3], optical trapping and manipulation of beads [4].…”