Metatranscriptomics Reveals the Diversity of the Tick Virome in Northwest China

Kong, Yunyi; Zhang, Gang; Jiang, Lingling; Wang, Pu; Zhang, Sinong; Zheng, Xiaomin; Li, Yong

doi:10.1128/spectrum.01115-22

Cited by 23 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Interestingly, more distant viruses linked to this proposed family were reported in Dermacentor and Hyalomma sp. Ticks identified in China [ 11 ] and Russia, respectively ( Supplementary Figure S2 ), suggesting a possible specialization of Bronnoya-related viruses to ticks.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More distant viral sequences were reported in Ixodes uriae [ 25 ] and Hyalomma sp. [ 11 ] (Volzhskoe tick virus) ticks. Here, we identified six novel BroBV-like strains in Ixodes ricinus ticks collected on small ruminants or inenvironments with distinct biotopes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Related—but more distant—viruses were reported in Dermacentor and Hyalomma sp. ticks collected in 2019 from Chinese cattle and camels [ 11 ] (Fuhai tick bunyavirus) and in Hyalomma marginatum ticks collected in 2018 from Russia (Volzhskoe tick virus). In addition, a virus close to the Bronnoya virus was identified and observed through electron microscopy in the Ixodes scapularis embryo-derived cell line ISE6 [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Search for Tick-Associated, Bronnoya-like Virus Spillover into Sheep

et al. 2023

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Tick-borne diseases are responsible for many vector-borne diseases within Europe. Recently, novel viruses belonging to a new viral family of the order Bunyavirales were discovered in numerous tick species. In this study, we used metatranscriptomics to detect the virome, including novel viruses, associated with Ixodes ricinus collected from Romania and France. A bunyavirus-like virus related to the Bronnoya virus was identified for the first time in these regions. It presents a high level of amino-acid conservation with Bronnoya-related viruses identified in I. ricinus ticks from Norway and Croatia and with the Ixodes scapularis bunyavirus isolated from a tick cell line in Japan in 2014. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the Bronnoya viruses’ sub-clade is distinct from several Bunyavirales families, suggesting that it could constitute a novel family within the order. To determine if Bronnoya viruses could constitute novel tick-borne arboviruses, a Luciferase immunoprecipitation assay for detecting antibodies in the viral glycoprotein of the Romanian Bronnoya virus was used to screen sera from small ruminants exposed to tick bites. No positive serum was detected, suggesting that this virus is probably not able to infect small ruminants. This study represents the first serological investigation of mammalian infections with a Bronnoya-like virus and an initial step in the identification of potential new emergences of tick-borne arboviruses.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Search for Tick-Associated, Bronnoya-like Virus Spillover into Sheep

et al. 2023

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“…Based on previous studies and the epidemiological investigation of CCHF in the Xinjiang region conducted by our laboratory ( Kong et al, 2022a ), the glycoproteins Gn (MN832721.2) and Np (MN832721.1) of the Chinese Xinjiang strain HANM18 (MN832721) were selected ( Kong et al, 2022b ), and the surface display sequence SPgp64 (GenBank AFO10080.1), the fluorescent proteins mCherry and eGFP and the histidine tag were cloned into the baculovirus pFastBac Dual vector to form the recombinant plasmids SPgp64-Gn-mCherry-TMDgp64, SPgp64-Np-eGFP-TMDgp64 and PH (SPgp64-Gn-mCherry-TMDgp64)-P10 (SPgp64-Np-eGFP-TMDgp64), which were synthesized by Anhui General Biotechnology Co.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the immunogenicity of vaccine candidates developed using a baculovirus surface display system for Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in mice

et al. 2023

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Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF), which has a fatality rate of 20–30%, is widely prevalent in several regions in Asia, Europe, and Africa and has spread to a wider range of areas in recent years. At present, there is a lack of safe and effective vaccines for the prevention of CCHF. In this study, we prepared three vaccine candidates, rvAc-Gn, rvAc-Np, and rvAc-Gn-Np, that encoded the CCHF virus (CCHFV) glycoprotein Gn and the nucleocapsid protein (Np) on the surface of baculovirus using an insect baculovirus vector expression system (BVES) and evaluated their immunogenicity in BALB/c mice. The experimental results showed that both CCHFV Gn and Np were expressed by the respective recombinant baculoviruses and anchored to the viral envelope. BALB/c mice were immunized, and all three recombinant baculoviruses showed significant humoral immunity. At the cellular level, the level of immunity in the rvAc-Gn group was significantly higher than that in the rvAc-Np and rvAc-Gn-Np groups, and the rvAc-Gn-Np coexpression group exhibited the lowest level of cellular immunity. In conclusion, the strategy of coexpressing Gn and Np in the baculovirus surface display system did not result in improvements in immunogenicity, whereas the recombinant baculovirus displaying Gn alone could induce significant humoral and cellular immunity in mice, indicating that rvAc-Gn has potential as a CCHF vaccine candidate. This study thus provides new ideas for the development of a CCHF baculovirus vaccine.

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“…As with all studies that base viral discovery around similarity to known viruses, our ability to discover novel viruses was limited by our reference data set. For instance, some newly discovered tick-associated viruses (such as the viruses identified in Zhang et al, 2021 andKong et al, 2022) were not included in the data set.…”

Section: (A) (B)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of putative novel tick viruses and zoonotic risk prediction

Lin,

Pascall

2024

Ecology and Evolution

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Tick‐associated viruses remain a substantial zoonotic risk worldwide, so knowledge of the diversity of tick viruses has potential health consequences. Despite their importance, large amounts of sequences in public data sets from tick meta‐genomic and ‐transcriptomic projects remain unannotated, sequence data that could contain undocumented viruses. Through data mining and bioinformatic analysis of more than 37,800 public meta‐genomic and ‐transcriptomic data sets, we found 83 unannotated contigs exhibiting high identity with known tick viruses. These putative viral contigs were classified into three RNA viral families (Alphatetraviridae, Orthomyxoviridae and Chuviridae) and one DNA viral family (Asfarviridae). After manual checking of quality and dissimilarity towards other sequences in the data set, these 83 contigs were reduced to five contigs in the Alphatetraviridae from four putative viruses, four in the Orthomyxoviridae from two putative viruses and one in the Chuviridae which clustered with known tick‐associated viruses, forming a separate clade within the viral families. We further attempted to assess which previously known tick viruses likely represent zoonotic risks and thus deserve further investigation. We ranked the human infection potential of 133 known tick‐associated viruses using a genome composition‐based machine learning model. We found five high‐risk tick‐associated viruses (Langat virus, Lonestar tick chuvirus 1, Grotenhout virus, Taggert virus and Johnston Atoll virus) that have not been known to infect human and two viral families (Nairoviridae and Phenuiviridae) that contain a large proportion of potential zoonotic tick‐associated viruses. This adds to the knowledge of tick virus diversity and highlights the importance of surveillance of newly emerging tick‐associated diseases.

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Metatranscriptomics Reveals the Diversity of the Tick Virome in Northwest China

Cited by 23 publications

References 83 publications

A Search for Tick-Associated, Bronnoya-like Virus Spillover into Sheep

A Search for Tick-Associated, Bronnoya-like Virus Spillover into Sheep

Evaluation of the immunogenicity of vaccine candidates developed using a baculovirus surface display system for Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in mice

Characterisation of putative novel tick viruses and zoonotic risk prediction

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