Meteorological data rescue: Citizen science lessons learned from Southern Weather Discovery

Lorrey, Andrew; Pearce, Petra R.; Allan, Rob; Wilkinson, Clive; Woolley, John-Mark; Judd, Emily J.; Mackay, Stuart; Rawhat, Sudhir; Slivinski, Laura; Wilkinson, Sally; Hawkins, Ed; Quesnel, Patrick; Compo, Gilbert P.

doi:10.1016/j.patter.2022.100495

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The importance of data rescue efforts is demonstrated, but much more remains to be done. More 'end-to-end' examples of how specific observations have improved reconstructions of extreme events, or long-term variations and trends, are needed [5,43,47,48].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The original Old Weather project was one of the first projects to extract historical weather observations contained in ship logbooks from an extended period around WW1. Since then, many projects have successfully used Zooniverse to digitize historical weather observations, e.g., WeatherRescue.org [40,41], RainfallRescue.org [42], SouthernWeatherDiscovery.org [43], Climate History Australia [44], and Meteorologum ad Extremum Terrae [45].…”

Section: Weather Rescue At Seamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subsequently, support through the Deep South National Science Challenge was used to identify ship-based weather observations for the region south of New Zealand to Antarctica across the Southern Ocean that would improve the 20th Century Reanalysis. This work was undertaken in a project called Southern Weather Discovery [43], which had a primary focus of setting up data transcription workflows established by other leading data rescue projects (e.g., Weather Rescue), evaluating the efficacy of AI for data transcription, and determining optimal data keying replication standards for quality control. The latest data rescue efforts in New Zealand are currently focused on two fronts; securing digital surrogates of formal observation forms in the National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA) archives and the recovery of ship log observations recorded on sub-daily synoptic weather maps compiled by the New Zealand Meteorological Service.…”

Section: National Institute Of Water and Atmospheric Research (Niwa) ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Importance and Scientific Value of Long Weather and Climate Records; Examples of Historical Marine Data Efforts across the Globe

Luterbacher,

Allan,

Wilkinson

et al. 2024

Climate

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The rescue, digitization, quality control, preservation, and utilization of long and high quality meteorological and climate records, particularly related to historical marine data, are crucial for advancing our understanding of the Earth’s climate system. In combination with land and air measurements, historical marine records serve as foundational pillars in linking present and past weather and climate information, offering essential insights into natural climate variability, extreme events in marine areas, baseline data for assessing current changes, and inputs for enhancing predictive climate models and reanalyses. This paper provides an overview of rescue activities covering marine weather data over the past centuries and presents and highlights several ongoing projects across the world and how the data are used in an integrative and international framework. Current and future continuous efforts in data rescue, digitization, quality control, and the development of temporally high-resolution meteorological and climatological observations from oceans, will greatly help to further complete our understanding and knowledge of the Earth’s climate system, including extremes, as well as improve the quality of reanalysis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Weather Rescue At Seamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: National Institute Of Water and Atmospheric Research (Niwa) ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Importance and Scientific Value of Long Weather and Climate Records; Examples of Historical Marine Data Efforts across the Globe

Luterbacher,

Allan,

Wilkinson

et al. 2024

Climate

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“…There is also a strong seasonal pattern to the positive pressure trends over West Antarctica, as shown in Fogt et al (2018). Further work is needed to investigate the Byrd pressure data source, as well to employ historical data from ship logbooks and early expeditions (Edinburgh and Day, 2016;De La Mare, 2009;Lorrey et al, 2022) to better understand possible atmospheric circulation shifts in the high southern latitudes prior to 1957. Additionally, each kind of observations (e.g., paleo or instrumental observations) has its own advantages and weaknesses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of South Pacific Antarctic Sea Ice and Atmospheric Circulation Reconstructions Since 1900

Fogt,

Dalaiden,

O'Connor

2023

Preprint

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Abstract. The recent changes and record minima in Antarctic sea ice extent implore the need for longer estimates beyond the short satellite observation period commencing near 1979. However, Antarctic sea ice extent reconstructions based on paleo records and those generated based on instrumental observations from the Southern Hemisphere midlatitudes are markedly different, especially prior to 1979. Here, these reconstructions are examined with the goal of understanding the relative strengths and limitations of each reconstruction better so that researchers using the various datasets can interpret them appropriately. Overall, it is found that the different spatial and temporal resolutions of each dataset play a secondary role to the inherent connections each reconstruction has with its underlying atmospheric circulation. Several Southern Hemisphere pressure reconstructions spanning the 20th century are thus examined further. There are different variability and trends poleward of 60° S between paleo-based and station-based 20th century pressure reconstructions which are connected to the disagreement between the Antarctic sea ice extent reconstructions examined here. Importantly, sensitivity experiments based on only coral paleoclimatological records provide the best agreement between the early pressure reconstructions, suggesting a contributing role of tropical variability is present in the station-based pressure (and therefore sea ice) reconstructions, while high latitude ice core information strongly constrains paleo-based reconstructions (of both pressure and sea ice) near the Antarctic continent. Our results reveal the greatest consistencies and inconsistencies in available datasets and highlight the need to better understand the relative roles of the tropics versus high latitudes in historical sea ice variability around Antarctica.

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“…Data rescue, as set out by Bledsoe et al (2022), is the process of identifying, preserving, and sharing data and metadata which is at risk of being lost. Data rescue has been used to re-access millions of dollars' worth of research data that would otherwise have been lost and has recovered large amounts of biological data, including the rescue of data on oil spill management (Bledsoe et al 2022) long-term marine life surveys (Knockaert et al 2019) and meteorological data via citizen science (Lorrey et al 2022). Data rescue can access the necessary historical information to identify these longer-term historical data trends, and as a result, more accurate evaluations of change from the baseline, and has been used to understand insect and pest population changes over time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding historical invasive pest dynamics using a novel data rescue protocol.

O'Donnell,

McGee,

Bourke

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Long-term historical data on the presence of invasive pests can inform current pest management. By examining correlations between shifts in pest occurrences and various potential drivers, we can better inform decision-making and management strategies. However, the availability of such long-term data is often limited. We introduce a data rescue protocol to recover difficult-to-access pest information from periodical documents such as annual forestry health reports. We applied this to annual forestry reports on the island of Ireland from 1970-2020. This protocol resulted in an open-access dataset of pest dynamics and their management for the island. We combined the pest dataset with auxiliary weather data to estimate the effects of surveying effort, control measures and weather upon pest outbreak dynamics. Two first-order auto-logistic regression models were used to model rates of introduction and rates of eradication in an insect model and a bacteria, chromista and fungi model. The results provide evidence that multi-year systematic surveillance efforts have diminishing returns for estimating the rate of introduction, and surveillance effort requirements differ between specific pest groups. Control measures had a minor positive effect on the rate of local pest eradication, with high variation in the data. Our methodology for data collection and analysis serves as a blueprint for other regions of the world and other invasive species assemblages where data is physically available but not ready for analysis.

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Meteorological data rescue: Citizen science lessons learned from Southern Weather Discovery

Cited by 9 publications

References 51 publications

The Importance and Scientific Value of Long Weather and Climate Records; Examples of Historical Marine Data Efforts across the Globe

The Importance and Scientific Value of Long Weather and Climate Records; Examples of Historical Marine Data Efforts across the Globe

A Comparison of South Pacific Antarctic Sea Ice and Atmospheric Circulation Reconstructions Since 1900

Understanding historical invasive pest dynamics using a novel data rescue protocol.

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