Metformin Alleviates Obesity and Systemic Oxidative Stress in Obese Young Swine

Abstract

<jats:p>The present study assessed the relationship between obesity induced by lifestyle and systemic oxidative stress and possible modulations by oral metformin treatments in young individuals, by using a translational swine model of obesity and associated cardiometabolic disorders (Iberian pig). The results indicate the existence of an age-related increase in both adiposity and systemic oxidative stress (using hydrogen peroxide as a marker), which is higher in individuals with obesogenic lifestyle and increased weight and obesity. Such effect was not found in individuals treated with metformin. The translation of these results suggests that childhood obesity increases production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and therefore systemic oxidative stress. Treatment with metformin would improve such oxidative status.</jats:p>

Protective Effects of Individual and Combined Low Dose Beta-Carotene and Metformin Treatments against High-Fat Diet-Induced Responses in Mice

“…Doses clinically used for this purpose range from 1000 to 2500 mg/day, where 2000 mg/day may represent the optimal dose for most patients [ 21 ]. MET is receiving increasing attention in recent years as a potential anti-obesity drug on the basis of clinical and animal studies [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ]. MET-induced bodyweight loss is mainly attributed to decreased caloric intake, resulting from direct and indirect (gut–brain axis mediated) effects of the drug on central circuitries controlling appetite [ 25 ].…”

Kidney-Targeted Drug Delivery System Based on Metformin-Grafted Chitosan for Renal Fibrosis Therapy

“…Several attempts aiming to block the progression of CKD have been proven positive in laboratory settings, such as angiotensin II receptor blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, and renin inhibitors. Nevertheless, these compounds generally possessed several shortcomings including poor aqueous solubility, non-specific biodistribution, or short retention time, thus failing to be applied clinically. − Metformin has been widely applied as an anti-hyperglycemic agent with minimum side effects for over 50 years. , Recent studies reported that metformin exerts benign pleiotropic actions on several non-diabetic diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, obesity, fibrosis, inflammation, and aging-related diseases . Moreover, recent advances have demonstrated its anti-fibrotic effects in several organs, including the kidneys, liver, lungs, etc.…”

“…8−11 Metformin has been widely applied as an anti-hyperglycemic agent with minimum side effects for over 50 years. 12,13 Recent studies reported that metformin exerts benign pleiotropic actions on several non-diabetic diseases, such as cancer, 14 cardiovascular diseases, 15 obesity, 16 fibrosis, inflammation, 17 and aging-related diseases. 18 Moreover, recent advances have demonstrated its anti-fibrotic effects in several organs, including the kidneys, 19 liver, 20 lungs, 21 etc.…”