2004
DOI: 10.1002/pdi.606
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Metformin: its botanical background

Abstract: This article traces the roots of the antihyperglycaemic biguanide metformin from the use of Galega officinalis (goat's rue or French lilac) as a herbal treatment for the symptoms of diabetes. G. officinalis was found to be rich in guanidine, a substance with blood glucose-lowering activity that formed the chemical basis of metformin. This insulin sensitising drug was introduced in 1957. Copyright Many biguanides and related guanidine derivatives have been examined as potential antidiabetic agents, 11,29 alth… Show more

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Cited by 280 publications
(199 citation statements)
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“…goat's rue, French lilac, Italian fitch, Spanish sainfoin or professor weed; Fig. 1) as a traditional medicine in medieval Europe [1]. Also known as Herba rutae caprariae in some herbals, G. officinalis was ascribed benefits against worms, epilepsy ('falling-sickness'), fever and pestilence in Culpeper's Complete Herbal of 1653, whilst in 1772, John Hill recommended Galega to treat conditions of thirst and frequent urination [2][3][4].…”
Section: Herbal Historymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…goat's rue, French lilac, Italian fitch, Spanish sainfoin or professor weed; Fig. 1) as a traditional medicine in medieval Europe [1]. Also known as Herba rutae caprariae in some herbals, G. officinalis was ascribed benefits against worms, epilepsy ('falling-sickness'), fever and pestilence in Culpeper's Complete Herbal of 1653, whilst in 1772, John Hill recommended Galega to treat conditions of thirst and frequent urination [2][3][4].…”
Section: Herbal Historymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Porém, somente na década de 1920 a guanidina galegina (2; Figura 1) foi identificada como principio ativo presente no extrato vegetal, o qual passou a ser utilizado para fins terapêuticos, sendo posteriormente proscrito por indução de toxicidade hepática. 16,17 Ainda na década de 1920, os derivados diguanidinas sintéticos designados como sintalinas (A = 3; e B = 4; Figura 1) foram desenvolvidos como alternativas mais eficazes e seguras para uso clínico. No entanto, neste mesmo período a insulina foi descoberta e isolada, e a mesma se tornou disponível para emprego terapêutico nos anos que se seguiram.…”
Section: Um Breve Históricounclassified
“…Como consequência do avanço da insulinoterapia e da posterior descrição de efeitos adversos associados às sintalinas, elas foram retiradas do mercado farmacêutico já na década de 30. 8, 16,17 No final da década de 1950, os derivados guanidínicos foram revisitados e as biguanidas foram introduzidas no arsenal terapêutico para o tratamento do diabetes tipo II. Quase simultaneamente foram descritas por diferentes indústrias as biguanidas metformina (1), fenformina (5) e buformina (6) (Figura 1).…”
Section: Um Breve Históricounclassified
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