Metformin regulates autophagy via LGMN to inhibit choriocarcinoma

Tu, Weiyan; Qin, Menglu; Liu, Yu; Wu, W.; Tong, Xiaowen

doi:10.1016/j.gene.2022.147090

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 49 publications

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“…Both facilitate breast cancer cells’ invasion and metastasis and contribute to the breakdown of the extracellular matrix ( Kang et al, 2019 ). LGMN either directly or indirectly affects MMP-9 in gastric cancer, causing it to gradually change from an inactive protease form into an active MMP-9 form that inhibits the activity of the extracellular matrix and encourages the spread of gastric cancer cells ( Tu et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Mechanism Of Lgmn In Tumor Formation and Progressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of LGMN in tumor development and its progression and connection with the tumor microenvironment

Khan

Khan²,

Khan³

et al. 2023

Front. Mol. Biosci.

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Legumain (LGMN) has been demonstrated to be overexpressed not just in breast, prostatic, and liver tumor cells, but also in the macrophages that compose the tumor microenvironment. This supports the idea that LGMN is a pivotal protein in regulating tumor development, invasion, and dissemination. Targeting LGMN with siRNA or chemotherapeutic medicines and peptides can suppress cancer cell proliferation in culture and reduce tumor growth in vivo. Furthermore, legumain can be used as a marker for cancer detection and targeting due to its expression being significantly lower in normal cells compared to tumors or tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Tumor formation is influenced by aberrant expression of proteins and alterations in cellular architecture, but the tumor microenvironment is a crucial deciding factor. Legumain (LGMN) is an in vivo-active cysteine protease that catalyzes the degradation of numerous proteins. Its precise biological mechanism encompasses a number of routes, including effects on tumor-associated macrophage and neovascular endothelium in the tumor microenvironment. The purpose of this work is to establish a rationale for thoroughly investigating the function of LGMN in the tumor microenvironment and discovering novel tumor early diagnosis markers and therapeutic targets by reviewing the function of LGMN in tumor genesis and progression and its relationship with tumor milieu.

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Section: Mechanism Of Lgmn In Tumor Formation and Progressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of LGMN in tumor development and its progression and connection with the tumor microenvironment

Khan

Khan²,

Khan³

et al. 2023

Front. Mol. Biosci.

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Research Progress of Immunotherapy for Trophoblastic Tumors in Pregnancy

王

2023

ACM

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Metformin Lysosomal Targeting: A Novel Aspect to Be Investigated for Metformin Repurposing in Neurodegenerative Diseases?

Papini,

Giussani,

Tringali

2024

IJMS

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Metformin is a widely employed drug in type 2 diabetes. In addition to warranting good short- and long-term glycemic control, metformin displays many intriguing properties as protection against cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, anti-tumorigenic and longevity promotion. In addition to being a low-cost drug, metformin is generally well tolerated. However, despite the enthusiastic drive to aliment these novel studies, many contradictory results suggest the importance of better elucidating the complexity of metformin action in different tissues/cells to establish its possible employment in neurodegenerative diseases. This review summarises recent data identifying lysosomal-dependent processes and lysosomal targets, such as endosomal Na+/H+ exchangers, presenilin enhancer 2 (PEN2), the lysosomal pathway leading to AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation, and the transcription factor EB (TFEB), modulated by metformin. Lysosomal dysfunctions resulting in autophagic and lysosomal acidification and biogenesis impairment appear to be hallmarks of many inherited and acquired neurodegenerative diseases. Lysosomes are not yet seen as a sort of cellular dump but are crucial in determining key signalling paths and processes involved in the clearance of aggregated proteins. Thus, the possibility of pharmacologically modulating them deserves great interest. Despite the potentiality of metformin in this context, many additional important issues, such as dosing, should be addressed in the future.

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Metformin regulates autophagy via LGMN to inhibit choriocarcinoma

Cited by 4 publications

References 49 publications

Role of LGMN in tumor development and its progression and connection with the tumor microenvironment

Role of LGMN in tumor development and its progression and connection with the tumor microenvironment

Research Progress of Immunotherapy for Trophoblastic Tumors in Pregnancy

Metformin Lysosomal Targeting: A Novel Aspect to Be Investigated for Metformin Repurposing in Neurodegenerative Diseases?

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