Methacrylic—Allylic Interpenetrating Polymer Networks

Abstract

Classically, the simultaneous synthesis utilized to obtain interpenetrating polymer networks requires noninterfering polymerization modes to achieve distinct networks that are held together by only physical entanglements. In the absence of different mechanisms, a single copolymer network is formed, except for monomers with quite different reactivity ratios. Specific initiators that decompose at two different temperatures were used in an in situ sequential process to combine methyl methacrylate and diallyl carbonate of bisphenol A; both monomers are polymerizable under free-radical conditions. The monomer-to-polymer conversions were followed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and the absence of grafting between networks was deduced from electron spin resonance experiments.

Feasibility of conducting semi‐interpenetrating networks based on a poly(ethylene oxide) network and poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) in actuator design

“…In this method all reactants are mixed together before initiation, but the reaction mechanisms leading to the two network partners must be different; otherwise a single copolymer network is formed through crossed reactions. However, copolymerization can be prevented even in the case of a single polymerization mechanism, providing the two monomers have quite different reactivities toward free radicals, for instance, as is the case here 37. Indeed in this work, the in situ sequential IPN strategy was chosen because the terminal methacrylate double bonds of PEGDM are more reactive than the allylic double bounds of DEGBAC.…”

Novolac resin–poly(ethyl methacrylate) interpenetrating polymer networks: Morphology and mechanical and thermal properties

“…Interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) are a new class of polymer blends in network form, in which the possibility of phase separation has been arrested to a great extent by suitably engineering the morphologies of the participating components. Here, one polymer is synthesized or crosslinked in the immediate presence of the other and they are at least partially interlaced on a molecular scale but not covalently bonded to each other and cannot be separated unless chemical bonds are broken 1–7. When both networks are crosslinked, the morphology is fixed and well defined, and the associated properties do not vary much.…”

Mechanical, thermomechanical, and morphology of PVC/PBMA blends and full IPNs

“…[3][4][5][6] Most IPNs although exhibit a greater or lesser degree of phase separation, an increased percentage of interlocking is, however, expected to improve the compatibility, which helps in preventing phase separation. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13] The thermal analysis of the system under consideration is expected to show some stability over the base reference compound PVC and also reveal some significant features in interpreting the morphology.…”