Methamphetamine use and heart failure: Prevalence, risk factors, and predictors

Richards, John R.; Harms, Brian N.; Kelly, Amanda; Turnipseed, Samuel D.

doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2018.01.001

Cited by 40 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Interestingly, the prevalence of abnormal BNP in the METH-tested patient group was higher than that in either the combined METH-negative or the non-tested groups 49 . In addition, echocardiography studies showed a significant difference in normal LVEF (50-70%) and severely dysfunctional LVEF (<30%) for METH-positive patients with normal versus abnormal BNP 49 . Logistic regression analysis revealed predictors of abnormal BNP and LVEF <30% in METH-positive patients 49 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…In addition, echocardiography studies showed a significant difference in normal LVEF (50-70%) and severely dysfunctional LVEF (<30%) for METH-positive patients with normal versus abnormal BNP 49 . Logistic regression analysis revealed predictors of abnormal BNP and LVEF <30% in METH-positive patients 49 . Activation of the fetal gene program (ANP, BNP, and β-MHC) in the adult heart is used as a biomarker for cardiac hypertrophy 50 and is frequently observed in the ventricles of those with severe congestive heart failure 51,52 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Studies of patients with a discharge diagnosis of cardiomyopathy and concomitant METH abuse revealed a high percentage of patients (19 of 21) with echocardiographic LV-dilation LVEF reduction 48 . A recent study of 4407 patients positive for METH use showed that 714 patients were screened for heart failure, and 450 had abnormal levels of BNP 49 . Interestingly, the prevalence of abnormal BNP in the METH-tested patient group was higher than that in either the combined METH-negative or the non-tested groups 49 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent study of 4407 patients positive for METH use showed that 714 patients were screened for heart failure, and 450 had abnormal levels of BNP 49 . Interestingly, the prevalence of abnormal BNP in the METH-tested patient group was higher than that in either the combined METH-negative or the non-tested groups 49 . In addition, echocardiography studies showed a significant difference in normal LVEF (50-70%) and severely dysfunctional LVEF (<30%) for METH-positive patients with normal versus abnormal BNP 49 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Methamphetamine induces cardiomyopathy by Sigmar1 inhibition-dependent impairment of mitochondrial dynamics and function

et al. 2020

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Methamphetamine-associated cardiomyopathy is the leading cause of death linked with illicit drug use. Here we show that Sigmar1 is a therapeutic target for methamphetamine-associated cardiomyopathy and defined the molecular mechanisms using autopsy samples of human hearts, and a mouse model of “binge and crash” methamphetamine administration. Sigmar1 expression is significantly decreased in the hearts of human methamphetamine users and those of “binge and crash” methamphetamine-treated mice. The hearts of methamphetamine users also show signs of cardiomyopathy, including cellular injury, fibrosis, and enlargement of the heart. In addition, mice expose to “binge and crash” methamphetamine develop cardiac hypertrophy, fibrotic remodeling, and mitochondrial dysfunction leading to contractile dysfunction. Methamphetamine treatment inhibits Sigmar1, resulting in inactivation of the cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), decreased expression of mitochondrial fission 1 protein (FIS1), and ultimately alteration of mitochondrial dynamics and function. Therefore, Sigmar1 is a viable therapeutic agent for protection against methamphetamine-associated cardiomyopathy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Methamphetamine induces cardiomyopathy by Sigmar1 inhibition-dependent impairment of mitochondrial dynamics and function

et al. 2020

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“…Comprehensive data are largely lacking in relation to the prevalence rate of cardiomyopathy in psychostimulant users. With reference to methamphetamine, studies have reported a prevalence of heart failure in excess of 10% in methamphetamine‐positive patients presenting to emergency departments , with the drug being implicated in almost 40% of all cases of cardiomyopathy and heart failure and chronic use of the drug resulting in a 3.7‐fold increased odds ratio for developing cardiomyopathy , and a recent autopsy study identifying cardiomyopathy in 5.5% of methamphetamine‐related deaths . Despite cocaine‐related cardiomyopathy being first reported in 1911 , and 7% of long‐term cocaine users having ventricular dysfunction , detailed epidemiological studies on cocaine‐related cardiomyopathy are similarly lacking.…”

Section: Chronic Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychostimulant use disorder and the heart

Duflou

2019

Addiction

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Psychostimulants are a diverse range of substances that encompass cocaine and the phenylethylamines, the latter including the amphetamines, cathinones and some ‘novel psychoactive substances’. This paper examines the range of pathophysiological processes, clinical presentations and treatment options involving the heart and cardiovascular system both in the acute setting and where long‐term effects of psychostimulant use have affected the cardiovascular system. A common feature of these drugs is their effect on the cardiovascular system, where their major action is that of sympathomimetic amines with short‐ and long‐term stimulation of the adrenergic system and consequent effects on blood pressure, cardiac modelling, atherogenesis and cellular calcium signalling. Cocaine additionally exhibits a variety of prothrombotic effects, effects on inflammatory mediators and alterations in myocardial gene expression. Persistent psychostimulant use results in progressive cardiovascular pathology, largely in the form of accelerated atherosclerosis, hypertension and myocardial ischaemia. Abstinence results in at least partial reversal of pathology. To a large extent, an assumption is made that treatment protocols used for cocaine‐associated cardiovascular pathology apply to the amphetamines and other phenylethylamines, but there appears to be little research in this area, despite acknowledgement that cocaine and the better‐known amphetamines have different modes of action.

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Protective effect of luteolin against chemical and natural toxicants by targeting NF‐κB pathway

et al. 2022

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Humans are continuously exposed to environmental, occupational, consumer and household products, food, and pharmaceutical substances. Luteolin, a flavone from the flavonoids family of compounds, is found in different fruits and vegetables. LUT is a strong anti‐inflammatory (via inhibition of NF‐κB, ERK1/2, MAPK, JNK, IL‐6, IL‐8, and TNF‐α) and antioxidant agent (reducing ROS and enhancement of endogenous antioxidants). LUT can chelate transition metal ions responsible for ROS generation and consequently repress lipoxygenase. It has been proven that NF‐κB, as a commom cellular pathway plays a considerable role in the progression of inflammatory process and stimulates the expression of genes encoding inducible pro‐inflammatory enzymes (iNOS and COX‐2) and cytokines including IL‐1β, IL‐6, and TNF‐α. This review summarizes the available literature discussing LUT and its potential protective role against pharmaceuticals‐, metals‐, and environmental compounds‐induced toxicities. Furthermore, the review explains the involved protective mechanisms, especially inhibition of the NF‐κB pathway.

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Methamphetamine use and heart failure: Prevalence, risk factors, and predictors

Cited by 40 publications

References 48 publications

Methamphetamine induces cardiomyopathy by Sigmar1 inhibition-dependent impairment of mitochondrial dynamics and function

Methamphetamine induces cardiomyopathy by Sigmar1 inhibition-dependent impairment of mitochondrial dynamics and function

Psychostimulant use disorder and the heart

Protective effect of luteolin against chemical and natural toxicants by targeting NF‐κB pathway

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