Methanation of CO, CO2 and selective methanation of CO, in mixtures of CO and CO2, over ruthenium carbon nanofibers catalysts

Jiménez, Vicente; Sánchez, Paula; Panagiotopoulou, Paraskevi; Valverde, J.L.; Romero, Amaya

doi:10.1016/j.apcata.2010.09.026

Cited by 97 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…A process where the impurities are removed, but CO, CO2 together with hydrogen remains in the gas, suggests methanation in one process step. Using a conventional ultra-gas cleaning process, separating impurities together with CO2, requires methane production in two separate process steps or in one step, providing simultaneous methanation of both CO2 and CO is available [33,34]. Both processes would benefit from more efficient and simplified process in order to reduce costs.…”

Section: Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Medium-Scale 50 MWfuel Biomass Gasification Based Bio-SNG Plant: A Developed Gas Cleaning Process

et al. 2015

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Natural gas is becoming increasingly important as a primary energy source. A suitable replacement for fossil natural gas is bio-SNG, produced by biomass gasification, followed by methanation. A major challenge is efficient gas cleaning processes for removal of sulfur compounds and other impurities. The present study focuses on development of a gas cleaning step for a product gas produced in a 50 MWfuel gasification system. The developed gas cleaning washing process is basically a modification of the Rectisol process. Several different process configurations were evaluated using Aspen plus, including PC-SAFT for the thermodynamic modeling. The developed configuration takes advantage of only one methanol wash column, compared to two columns in a conventional Rectisol process. Results from modeling show the ability of the proposed configuration to remove impurities to a sufficiently low concentrations -almost zero concentration for H2S, CS2, HCl, NH3 and HCN, and approximately 0.01 mg/Nm 3 for COS. These levels are acceptable for further upgrading of the gas in a methanation process. Simultaneously, up to 92% of the original CO2 is preserved in the final cleaned syngas stream. No process integration or economic consideration was performed within the scope of the present study, but will be investigated in future projects to improve the overall process.

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Section: Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Medium-Scale 50 MWfuel Biomass Gasification Based Bio-SNG Plant: A Developed Gas Cleaning Process

et al. 2015

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“…That can lead to overestimation of metal crystallite sizes, especially in the case of broad particle size distribution, where the "diffraction response" from a fraction of very small crystallites can be hidden in the background. In such cases the use of the Scherrer formula is commonly accepted in the literature [14,26]. Therefore it was used to estimate the average sizes of ruthenium particles in the Ru/carbon systems.…”

Section: Catalyst Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some experimental works and density functional theory (DFT) calculations also indicate that ruthenium exhibits excellent activity in CO methanation [1,4,15,16]. Ruthenium dispersed on high-surface area oxide supports has been found to exhibit high activity in the methanation of CO and CO 2 [3,5,13,14]. Many literature reports give information about the influence of different factors on the activity of oxide-supported Ru systems [1,6,7,12,13,16,17].…”

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confidence: 99%

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The Effect of the Ruthenium Crystallite Size on the Activity of Ru/Carbon Systems in CO Methanation

et al. 2017

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interest recently because of its potential as a simple technique for CO removal from H 2 -rich feed gases for fuel cells [1,[3][4][5][6][7]. Due to the poor reserves of natural gas in some regions of the world, conversion of syngas from coal or biomass to synthetic natural gas (SNG) via the methanation reaction is also attracting great attention [8][9][10][11]. That is the reason why many groups are still working to obtain highly active and selective catalysts for that reaction.Supported Ni-based catalysts have been applied commercially on methanation due to their high activity, selectivity to CH 4 and low costs [1,8,11]. However, hydrogenation of CO x to methane can be catalyzed by several metals [12][13][14]. Some experimental works and density functional theory (DFT) calculations also indicate that ruthenium exhibits excellent activity in CO methanation [1,4,15,16]. Ruthenium dispersed on high-surface area oxide supports has been found to exhibit high activity in the methanation of CO and CO 2 [3,5,13,14]. Many literature reports give information about the influence of different factors on the activity of oxide-supported Ru systems [1,6,7,12,13,16,17]. However, there are few papers dealing with the activity of ruthenium deposited on thermally modified carbons [18,19]. There is also lack of information concerning the effect of Ru crystallite sizes on the activity of Ru/C systems. In the present work we made an effort to examine the influence of the ruthenium particle size in the wide range of its dispersion on the catalytic activity of Ru/graphitized carbon systems in CO methanation. The activity tests were conducted in H 2 -rich streams with very low CO concentrations (0.5 vol% CO) to simulate industrial conditions of hydrogen cleaning for NH 3 synthesis or fuel cells application. AbstractThe influence of the ruthenium crystallite size on the catalytic activity of Ru/graphitized carbon systems in carbon monoxide methanation was evaluated. Four graphitized carbon materials differing in their surface area were used as supports for Ru. The average size of Ru crystallites in Ru/C materials was estimated by X-ray powder diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and CO chemisorption. Dispersion of the active phase clearly depends on the carbon texture. The activity tests conducted in H 2 -rich streams with very low CO concentrations (0.5 vol% CO) have shown that the activity of Ru/carbon catalysts changes with the ruthenium particles size (d). The highest activities were obtained for ruthenium particles in the range 4-8 nm in size.

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“…These XRD plots show that the RuO2 must be involved in a redox-type reaction with the plastic feedstock, in which case, it got reduced to Ru metal. Literature has shown the metallic ruthenium is an excellent catalyst for the methanation of CO2 and CO [33][34]. Hence, the analysis of the used catalysts in this work has provided new insights into the catalytic reaction mechanisms, which are discussed below.…”

Section: Analysis Of Used Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic supercritical water gasification of plastics with supported RuO2: A potential solution to hydrocarbons–water pollution problem

Onwudili

Williams

2016

Process Safety and Environmental Protection

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ABSTRACT:Here we report on a potential catalytic process for efficient clean-up of plastic pollution in waters, such as the Great Pacific Garbage Patch (CPGP). Detailed catalytic mechanisms of RuO2 during supercritical water gasification of common polyolefin plastics including low-density polyethylene (LDPE), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polypropylene (PP) and polystyrene (PP), have been investigated in a batch reactor at 450 °C, 60 min. All four plastics gave very high carbon gasification efficiencies (CGE) and hydrogen gasification efficiencies (HGE). Methane as the highest gas component, with a yield of up to 37 mol kg -1 LDPE using the 20 wt% RuO2 catalyst. Evaluation of the gas yields, CGE and HGE revealed that the conversion of PS involved thermal degradation, steam reforming and methanation; whereas hydrogenolysis was a possible additional mechanism during the conversion of aliphatic plastics. The process has the benefits of producing a cleanpressurized methane-rich fuel gas as well as cleaning up hydrocarbons-polluted waters.

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Methanation of CO, CO2 and selective methanation of CO, in mixtures of CO and CO2, over ruthenium carbon nanofibers catalysts

Cited by 97 publications

References 51 publications

A Medium-Scale 50 MWfuel Biomass Gasification Based Bio-SNG Plant: A Developed Gas Cleaning Process

A Medium-Scale 50 MWfuel Biomass Gasification Based Bio-SNG Plant: A Developed Gas Cleaning Process

The Effect of the Ruthenium Crystallite Size on the Activity of Ru/Carbon Systems in CO Methanation

Catalytic supercritical water gasification of plastics with supported RuO2: A potential solution to hydrocarbons–water pollution problem

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