Methane emission from wood-feeding termites in Amazonia

Martius, Christopher; Waßmann, Reiner; Thein, U. G.; Bandeira, Adelmar Gomes; Rennenberg, Heinz; Junk, Wolfgang J.; Seiler, W.

doi:10.1016/0045-6535(93)90448-e

Cited by 61 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…However, the results were not very reliable, considering the errors in the calculations of the percentages of termite inclusion and the variation in SBM and FM between the experimental diets, which made it difficult to establish whether the improved fish growth was due to the dietary termites or to the increased dietary FM (Solomon et al, 2007). Despite the good results of the partial replacement of FM, even compared with a very high quality FM (71% CP), termites (46% CP), being high producers of methane (Martius et al, 1993), being seasonal (Jamali et al, 2008) and being very difficult to rear, may not be a very good choice for large-scale use in aquafeeds.…”

Section: Use Of Isoptera As An Fm Replacement In Fish Dietsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Review on the use of insects in the diet of farmed fish: Past and future

Henry

Gasco

Piccolo

et al. 2015

Animal Feed Science and Technology

665

490

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Section: Use Of Isoptera As An Fm Replacement In Fish Dietsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Review on the use of insects in the diet of farmed fish: Past and future

Henry

Gasco

Piccolo

et al. 2015

Animal Feed Science and Technology

665

490

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“…Fraction yi~' Assumption: average lifetime = 50 years Fraction yr~' Assumption: average lifetime = 200 years Fraction y r 1 Assumption: average lifetime = 500 years Fraction y r 1 Assumption: average lifetime = 500 years Fraction yi" 1 Assumption: average lifetime = 50 years Calculated from measurement by Martius et al, 1993 for Nasutitermes macrocephalus (a vdrzea species) Calculated from measurement by Martius et al, 1993 for Nasutitermes macrocephalus (a vdrzea species)…”

Section: Biomass Of Components In Unlogged Original Forestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydroelectric Dams in the Brazilian Amazon as Sources of ‘Greenhouse’ Gases

1995

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Existing hydroelectric dams in Brazilian Amazonia emitted about 0.26 million tons of methane and 38 million tons of carbon dioxide in 1990. The methane emissions represent an essentially permanent addition to gas fluxes from the region, rather than a one-time release. The total area of reservoirs planned in the region is about 20 times the area existing in 1990, implying a potential annual methane release of about 5.2 million tons. About 40% of this estimated release is from underwater decay of forest biomass, which is the most uncertain of the components in the calculation. Methane is also released in significant quantities from open water, macrophyte beds, and above-water decay of forest biomass.

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“…Termites harbor methanogenic archaea in the hindgut 9) , where methane is formed by the reduction of carbon-dioxide with hydrogen. Methanogens and acetogens in the termite hindgut play a role as a hydrogen-sink.…”

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confidence: 99%

Methanogenic Symbionts and the Locality of their Host Lower Termites.

et al. 2001

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SSU rRNA genes of symbiotic methanogens in the hindgut of four lower Japanese termites and one Australian lower termite Mastotermes darwiniensis as well as a soil sample collected near a nest of Reticulitermes speratus were amplified, cloned and phylogenetically analyzed. Most of the clones found in the lower termites were of the genus Methanobrevibacter. The symbiotic methanogens in the Japanese termites and in the soil sample were related to each other. The clones obtained from M. darwiniensis grouped separately from the clones of Japanese termites. These results suggest that the methanogen community of lower termites reflects host locality rather than phylogeny.Key words: symbiosis, termite, methanogen, phylogeny, ThermoplasmaTermites harbor methanogenic archaea in the hindgut 9) , where methane is formed by the reduction of carbon-dioxide with hydrogen. Methanogens and acetogens in the termite hindgut play a role as a hydrogen-sink. The hydrogenconsuming process facilitates the anaerobic degradation of lignocellulose 14) . The microecology of the termite gut was recently reviewed 1) .A phylogenetic analysis of methanogens in the hindgut of the lower termite Reticulitermes speratus by Ohkuma et al. 11) found only one type of sequence in PCR clones. We have also analyzed symbiotic methanogens in the hindgut of R. speratus 15) . PCR clones of SSU rDNA sequences were grouped into three types. Type 1 clones were further classified into subtypes 1A, 1B, 1C and 1D. Most of the PCR clones of methanogen in R. speratus collected around the Japan Archipelago belonged to subtypes 1A and 1B in the genus Methanobrevibacter. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis showed that at least some of the type 1 species live on the hindgut epithelial surface. Ohkuma et al. 10,12) have reported two other types of sequences, Cd30 and MHj4, from Cryptotermes domesticus and Hodotermopsis sjostedti, respectively. Leadbetter et al. 5,6) have isolated three species of Methanobrevibacter, M. curvatus, M. cuticularis, and M. filiformis from R. flavipes. In the present study, we examined the molecular phylogeny of symbiotic methanogens of five species that belong to four families of lower termites. Phylogenetic relationships between methanogens and host termites were also discussed.Four lower termite species of three families, Neotermes koshunensis, Hodotermopsis sjostedti, Reticulitermes kanmonensis, and Coptotermes formosanus, were collected in the Japan Archipelago. Sampling points of the Japanese termites are listed in Table 1. Another lower termite Mastotermes darwiniensis was collected in Australia and kindly donated by Dr. O. Kitade. Ten individuals of pseudergate (worker) from each colony of termite were employed for DNA extraction. Total genomic DNA of the digestive tracts of the termites was prepared as described previously 15) . PCR primers and reaction conditions were also described in a previous report 15) . The primers used were ME855F and ME1354R, which were designed to se-

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Methane emission from wood-feeding termites in Amazonia

Cited by 61 publications

References 13 publications

Review on the use of insects in the diet of farmed fish: Past and future

Review on the use of insects in the diet of farmed fish: Past and future

Hydroelectric Dams in the Brazilian Amazon as Sources of ‘Greenhouse’ Gases

Methanogenic Symbionts and the Locality of their Host Lower Termites.

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