Methane Fermentation Residue Compost Derived from Food Waste to Aid Komatsuna (Brassica rapa) Growth

Abstract

One suitable solution to achieve sustainable development goals (SDGs) is to utilize methane fermentation residue obtained from food waste. However, methane fermentation residue compost is often difficult to use due to its inhibitory properties and pungent smell. To evaluate chemical parameters and plant growth, we examined the use of methane-fermented food waste residue compost (FWM), three types of animal manure, namely, horse manure (HM), cow manure (CWM), and chicken manure (CKM). Our results revealed that mixing food waste compost with cow and horse manure reduced the inhibition of Komatsuna germination, however, chicken manure blending limited inhibition reduction. The improvement of GI in the combination of FWM and animal manure was obtained at a ratio 1:4 with an improvement in GI of 20.8%, 16.8%, and 3.8% for combination FWM + HM, FWM + CWM, and FWM + CKM, respectively. The ratio of the combination of FWM + HM could be increased to a ratio of 2:3 with an improvement of 14.7%. Additionally, for Komatsuna growth, FWM with cow and horse manure mixer considerably enhanced plant growth and yield. Furthermore, the combination of FWM + HM and FWM + CWM could improve the ratio of NUE compost/NUE FWM with the values being 12.0 and 11.1, respectively. Therefore, combining FWM with CWM and HM increases the utility value of methane fermentation residues obtained from food waste as compost for maintaining soil fertility, while reducing the use of chemical fertilizer.

Enhancing Sustainable Waste Management Using Biochar: Mitigating the Inhibitory of Food Waste Compost from Methane Fermentation Residue on Komatsuna (Brassica rapa) Yield

“…The quality of a fertilizer is often determined by its nutritional content, particularly the NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) levels. For instance, methane-fermented compost may have nutrient content values like 5.6, 1.9, and 0.5, as reported [4]. According to [14], both commercial compost and research compost exhibit sufficient nutrient content for agricultural use.…”

“…High-quality methane fermentation residue compost has the potential to contribute to soil health improvement and enhance the production of nutrient-rich, environmentally friendly plants. This can facilitate the development of a farm-to-table recycling system [4]. In accordance with the report, the primary objectives include enhancing agricultural practices, promoting clean energy, and mitigating carbon emissions [5].…”

“…FW, mainly consisting of food garbage waste, was collected daily by the Hitachi Cement Industry from various locations in the city. It was then processed at a methane gas fermentation or bio-energy factory in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan [4]. While waste recycling systems are widespread across most regions in Japan, not all areas have facilities dedicated to processing methane fermentation bioplants.…”

“…Before being utilized in a biogas plant, the waste undergoes an initial filtration process to remove extraneous materials, such as plastic bottles, metal, and glass. Following this, the filtered waste is shredded into smaller particles, and the organic components are introduced into a fermenter tank containing methanogenic bacteria [4]. The potential abundance of agricultural waste in Tsuchiura City, Ibaraki, Japan, is illustrated in Table 1.…”

“…Recycling options include the valorization of food scraps through biological conversion into high-value products such as fertilizer and bio-energy carriers like biogas and biomethane [3]. According to [4], methane fermentation compost is often challenging to use due to inhibitors and significant odor issues. However, if improvements are made to these composts, methane fermentation residue compost could attract farmer's interest.…”