Methane from benzene in argon dielectric barrier discharge

Das, Tomi Nath; Dey, G.R.

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.01.028

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The relative abundance of natural gas compared to petroleum has led to renewed interest in converting methane to value-added products. − Much work has focused on one step conversion of methane, including methane to oxygenates, , oxidative coupling of methane, , and methane aromatization. − Compared to these one-step approaches, which are at the early stages of development, multistep or indirect methane conversion processes have been industrially implemented for the production of hydrogen, liquid fuels, and other chemicals. − As the first step of these indirect processes, methane reforming, which converts methane into syngas, represents a key unit operation that is both energy and capital intensive. , While the reforming step can be accomplished via multiple routes in the presence of gaseous oxidants such as steam and/or oxygen, the generation of these oxidants can incur a significant energy penalty. , As an alternative approach, autothermal chemical looping reforming (CLR) does not have these drawbacks since the oxygen used for methane partial oxidation is “captured” from air into the lattice of a redox catalyst, thereby avoiding the need for steam generation or cryogenic air separation. − Figure illustrates a simplified schematic of the CLR process. Operated under a cyclic redox mode, the redox catalyst, a.k.a.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Methane Partial Oxidation Using a Fe₂O₃@La_0.8Sr_0.2FeO_3-δ Core–Shell Redox Catalyst in the Absence of Gaseous Oxygen

2014

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Chemical looping reforming partially oxidizes methane into syngas through cyclic redox reactions of an active lattice-oxygen (O2–) containing redox catalyst. The avoidance of direct contact between methane and steam and/or gaseous oxygen has the potential to eliminate the energy consumption for generating these oxidants, thereby increasing methane conversion efficiency. This article investigates redox catalysts comprised of iron oxide core covered with lanthanum strontium ferrite (LSF) shell. The iron oxide core serves as the primary source of lattice-oxygen, whereas the LSF shell provides an active surface and facilitates O2– and electron conductions. These core–shell materials have the promise to provide higher selectivity for methane conversion with lower solid circulation rates than traditional redox catalysts. Methane oxidation by this catalyst exhibits four distinct regions, i.e. deep oxidation; competing deep and selective oxidation; selective oxidation with autoactivation; and methane decomposition. Further investigations indicate that the evolution of “loose” lattice oxygen from the bulk contributes to deep oxidation, whereas reduced surface iron species are responsible for selective methane oxidation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Methane Partial Oxidation Using a Fe₂O₃@La_0.8Sr_0.2FeO_3-δ Core–Shell Redox Catalyst in the Absence of Gaseous Oxygen

2014

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“…Nonthermal plasmas destroy a wide variety of gas phase pollutants, which reduces the cost and complexity of remediating gas streams containing multiple pollutants. The utilization of DBD for the control of gaseous pollutants and the destruction of poisonous/unhealthy organics is been addressed by several researchers, due to its simplicity and availability of reliable, efficient, and affordable power supplies as compared with other discharges.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…and globally (from the use of fossil fuel and other associated products). A variety of energy sources, for example UV light, ionizing radiation, thermal, sonolysis, cold plasma, with or without catalysts have been utilized to degrade various aromatics, including Bz …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previously, gas phase DBD‐assisted transformation of benzene to phenol, methane, et cetera has been studied using argon diluents . Oxy‐derivatives are more prominent in Bz systems under DBD in Ar carrier containing oxygen whereas in the absence of oxygen, methane, and other lower hydrocarbons were found as products . Bz transformation work was explored further with dual DBD reactors set up to control products selectivity such as phenol and biphenyl, utilizing moisture instead of O 2 , which has been used in our previous study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Benzene transformation in two dielectric barrier discharge reactors having special arrangement

Dey

2019

Plasma Processes & Polymers

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Argon–benzene (Ar–Bz) gas phase plasma chemistry work is explored for benzene transformation employing the dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) cold plasma technique. To do so, experiments are carried out with two identical coaxial DBD reactors in serial‐type arrangements. The first carries moist Ar having 100% relative humidity (90% of total Ar flowing over water) and its outlet is mixed with Bz, which is saturated in the remaining 10% Ar at the inlet of the second reactor before plasma generation. This type of arrangement perhaps favors Bz transformation significantly for explicit products because the H2 generated in the first reactor as one of the major in situ products in the Ar‐moisture DBD system might facilitate chemical reduction of Bz to biphenyl in the second reactor during DBD. Conversely, H2O2, another product in Ar‐moisture discharge, enhances the yields of phenol. DBD outlet products, such as methane and leftover Bz, are analyzed and estimated with online gas chromatograph–flame ionization detector analysis, whereas H2 is analyzed with gas chromatograph–thermal conductivity detector. Additionally, the offline gas chromatograph–mass spectrometer analysis of acetone solutions of surface deposits obtained after discharge reveals the formation of phenol and biphenyl along with other products. The periodically analyzed data reveal that the generation of phenol, biphenyl, and CH4 relate directly to discharge duration and input moisture concentration.

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“…Unit energy injection at various gap distances as a function of peak voltage (a) and slope values (αI and αII) and inception voltages as a function of gap distance (b). Experimental condition: alumina plate: 50×50×1 mm3 ; gases in discharge space: 79% N2 and 21% O2; operation temperature: room temperature…”

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confidence: 99%

Equation of Energy Injection to a Dielectric Barrier Discharge Reactor

Yao

Shan

Jin

et al. 2016

Plasma Sci. Technol.

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The electric energy injection from a pulsed power supply to a planar type of dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor at atmospheric pressure was studied. Relations of the energy injection with barrier materials, barrier thickness, peak voltage, gap distance, electrode area, and operation temperature were experimentally investigated. The energy injection is a function of relative permittivity, barrier thickness, peak voltage, gap distance, and electrode area. The influence of operation temperature on energy injection is slight in the range of 27-300 • C but becomes obvious in the range of 300-500 • C. A model was established using which the energy injection can be easily predicted.

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Methane from benzene in argon dielectric barrier discharge

Cited by 9 publications

References 55 publications

Dynamic Methane Partial Oxidation Using a Fe₂O₃@La_0.8Sr_0.2FeO_3-δ Core–Shell Redox Catalyst in the Absence of Gaseous Oxygen

Dynamic Methane Partial Oxidation Using a Fe₂O₃@La_0.8Sr_0.2FeO_3-δ Core–Shell Redox Catalyst in the Absence of Gaseous Oxygen

Benzene transformation in two dielectric barrier discharge reactors having special arrangement

Equation of Energy Injection to a Dielectric Barrier Discharge Reactor

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Methane from benzene in argon dielectric barrier discharge

Cited by 9 publications

References 55 publications

Dynamic Methane Partial Oxidation Using a Fe2O3@La0.8Sr0.2FeO3-δ Core–Shell Redox Catalyst in the Absence of Gaseous Oxygen

Dynamic Methane Partial Oxidation Using a Fe2O3@La0.8Sr0.2FeO3-δ Core–Shell Redox Catalyst in the Absence of Gaseous Oxygen

Benzene transformation in two dielectric barrier discharge reactors having special arrangement

Equation of Energy Injection to a Dielectric Barrier Discharge Reactor

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Product

Resources

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Dynamic Methane Partial Oxidation Using a Fe₂O₃@La_0.8Sr_0.2FeO_3-δ Core–Shell Redox Catalyst in the Absence of Gaseous Oxygen

Dynamic Methane Partial Oxidation Using a Fe₂O₃@La_0.8Sr_0.2FeO_3-δ Core–Shell Redox Catalyst in the Absence of Gaseous Oxygen