Methane–Hydrogen-Based Pre-reduction Chromite: Reduction Behavior and Pellet Compressive Strength

Wu, Shaowen; Feng, Xiaoming; Zhang, Yanling; Ma, Liqun; Li, Yue

doi:10.1007/s11837-024-06707-y

JOM

2024

DOI: 10.1007/s11837-024-06707-y

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Methane–Hydrogen-Based Pre-reduction Chromite: Reduction Behavior and Pellet Compressive Strength

Shaowen Wu,

Xiaoming Feng,

Yanling Zhang

et al.

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2024

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Cited by 2 publications

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An Overview of H₂ and CH₄ as Environmentally Sustainable Alternative Reductants to C for Chromite Smelting

Ernst,

Du Preez

2024

Adv Energy and Sustain Res

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The application of hydrogen (H2) and methane (CH4) as gaseous reductants for pure chromite (FeCr2O4) is reviewed in four theoretical approaches. These approaches are evaluated against the conventional process, where the sole reductant is a solid carbon (C) source. The sustainability is measured by gaseous carbon monoxide (CO(g)) formation, determined by the reaction stoichiometry of each theoretical approach. Decreased CO(g) formation is critical for alleviating the adverse environmental impact of ferroalloy production. The prereduction of FeCr2O4 by H2, followed by reduction by CH4 shows the largest decrease in CO(g) formation, i.e., a 75% decrease, compared to the conventional process. Furthermore, the H2‐based prereduction and CH4‐based primary reduction occur at lower temperatures than C‐based reduction, due to kinetic advantages, and thus decrease energy consumption. The overview discusses the environmental impact of substituting C with H2 and CH4 and briefly discusses how it can be implemented in industry.

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An Overview of H₂ and CH₄ as Environmentally Sustainable Alternative Reductants to C for Chromite Smelting

Ernst,

Du Preez

2024

Adv Energy and Sustain Res

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Chromite Pellet Prereduction by Methane‐Containing Gas: Influence Factors and Consolidation Mechanism

Ma,

Zhang,

et al. 2024

steel research int.

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Prereduction process of chromite is an effective method for saving energy and reducing emissions during ferrochrome alloy production. This study investigates the factors affecting the reduction and strength levels of chromite pellets reduced in a CH4–H2 atmosphere. Thermodynamic calculations indicate that carbon from methane pyrolysis is highly active, and chromium oxide can be converted to metal chromium and carbide at lower temperature of 1100 °C. The experimental results show that extending the reduction time can increase the pellet metallization rate without sacrificing strength at 1100 °C in 10% CH4. As the reaction progressed, the carbon from methane cracking diffused into the pellet through the metallic iron, creating observable diffusion channels. Continuous methane input further facilitates this mechanism, leading to iron carbide precipitation and ultimately compromising the pellet strength. The consolidation mechanism of pellets in CH4–H2 = 10:90 atmosphere is analyzed using X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy‐energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, and chemical analysis. The consolidation process of the pellets can be divided into four stages—namely, liquid phase formation, phase transition, strengthening, and carbonization stages.

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Methane–Hydrogen-Based Pre-reduction Chromite: Reduction Behavior and Pellet Compressive Strength

Cited by 2 publications

References 27 publications

An Overview of H₂ and CH₄ as Environmentally Sustainable Alternative Reductants to C for Chromite Smelting

An Overview of H₂ and CH₄ as Environmentally Sustainable Alternative Reductants to C for Chromite Smelting

Chromite Pellet Prereduction by Methane‐Containing Gas: Influence Factors and Consolidation Mechanism

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Methane–Hydrogen-Based Pre-reduction Chromite: Reduction Behavior and Pellet Compressive Strength

Cited by 2 publications

References 27 publications

An Overview of H2 and CH4 as Environmentally Sustainable Alternative Reductants to C for Chromite Smelting

An Overview of H2 and CH4 as Environmentally Sustainable Alternative Reductants to C for Chromite Smelting

Chromite Pellet Prereduction by Methane‐Containing Gas: Influence Factors and Consolidation Mechanism

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

An Overview of H₂ and CH₄ as Environmentally Sustainable Alternative Reductants to C for Chromite Smelting

An Overview of H₂ and CH₄ as Environmentally Sustainable Alternative Reductants to C for Chromite Smelting