Methane reforming in solid oxide fuel cells: Challenges and strategies

Detailed Study of Sulfur Poisoning and Recovery of Ni-YSZ-Based Anodes Operating up to 1.8 W cm-2 in a Biogas Fuel

“…It is deemed that both sulfur poisoning and carbon position are the key factors that induce cell performance degradation in a biogas fuel with sulfur impurity. Ni-YSZ interfaces are the preferential position for carbon deposition [32]. In this study, the infiltrated BCZYYb occupies the Ni-YSZ interfaces, making carbon less likely to deposit.…”

“…Besides sulfur poisoning, carbon deposition is another crucial factor that cannot be ignored when carbon-containing gas is used as fuel for SOFCs. Density functional theory calculation shows that the carbon growth mechanisms at the Ni-YSZ interface depend on the interface structure [32]. In considering the possibility of carbon deposition, the sulfur poisoning mechanisms are more complicated.…”

Recent advances in reducible metal oxide catalysts for C1 reactions

“…CeO 2 is often used as an anode RMO catalyst owing to its good ionic conductivity and high CH 4 oxidation activity. 81,82 Surendranath et al reported the use of a Pd complex in concentrated sulfuric acid electrolytes in EOCM, with the Pd II ions serving as the active sites that undergo Pd II /Pd III,III 2 cycles for catalytic generation of CH 3 -OSO 3 H and CH 3 SO 3 H species (Fig. 10).…”

Probing the Transport Properties, Electrophoretic Deposition, and Electrochemical Performance of La2–xSmxCe2O7 Ceramics for IT-SOFCs

“…At high temperatures, these products can react further to form carbon, which can accumulate on the surface of the anode, leading to deactivation. This process is commonly referred to as carbon deposition or coking. − Apart from Ni, some other catalysts such as Cu, Fe, Pd, Pt, and Rh were also studied to avoid the coking phenomena when operating in methane fuel. − However, these catalysts limit the practical implications in terms of cost and processability despite the improvement in SOFC performance with carbon-containing fuels. Apart from metallic catalysts, several mixed ion and electron-conductive (MIEC) materials were also studied such as Sr­(Ti 0.3 Fe 0.7 )­O 3−δ , Sr 2 MgMoO 6−δ -related materials, − Sr 2 FeMoO 6−δ Pr 0.8 Sr 1.2 (Co,Fe) 0.8 Nb 0.2 O 4+δ , Sr 3 Fe 1.3 Mo 0.5 N i0.2 O 7−δ , and so on, for methane reforming or hydrocarbon fuel environment.…”