Methanol and proton transport in layered double hydroxide and smectite clay-based composites: influence on the electrochemical behavior of direct methanol fuel cells at intermediate temperatures

Nicotera, Isabella; Kosma, Vassiliki; Simari, Cataldo; D’Urso, Claudia; Aricò, A.S.; Baglio, V.

doi:10.1007/s10008-014-2701-y

Cited by 26 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…18 In this work, a composite membrane with sPES-100 and LDH, with a filler loading of 10 wt % respect to the polymer, was prepared and characterized. Among other properties, LDH is a bidimensional material, which we successfully tested as an additive in Nafion polymer for direct methanol cells (DMFCs), as it can completely exfoliate, therefore, the nanoplatelets homogeneously dispersed in the polymer has a good obstruction effect to the methanol crossover.…”

Section: Spes-ldh Nanocomposite Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

“…17,18,[27][28][29][30] It is therefore evident that the chemical and structural nature of the polymer, the chemical affinity and the nature of the interactions between the polymer chains and the material/filler play a crucial role in obtaining a homogeneous composite membrane characterized by a real nanodispersion. 17,18,[27][28][29][30] It is therefore evident that the chemical and structural nature of the polymer, the chemical affinity and the nature of the interactions between the polymer chains and the material/filler play a crucial role in obtaining a homogeneous composite membrane characterized by a real nanodispersion.…”

Section: Spes-ldh Nanocomposite Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 For instance, due to the electron withdrawing effect of the sulfone linkages that deactivate the adjacent aromatic rings for electrophilic substitution, PES is notoriously difficult to sulfonate. [13][14][15] Recently, our group has evaluated the optimized procedure to get completely exfoliated nanocomposites using LDH (Mg 2+ /Al 3+ LDH with a metal ratio of 2:1 and NO 3 − interlayer anions) in the Nafion matrix with encouraging results improving the final performance of the electrolyte [16][17][18] These promising results driving us to use the LDHs into the PES plus their negatively charged surface should concurrently favor the proton transport through the Grotthuss-type mechanism. 10 In our synthetic procedure, chlorosulfonic acid was used at room temperature to obtain Polyethersulphone sulfonated polymer (sPES).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Toward optimization of a robust low‐cost sulfonated‐polyethersulfone containing layered double hydroxide for PEM fuel cells

Simari

Vecchio

Enotiadis

et al. 2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Polyethersulphone (PES) is an aromatic thermoplastic, at low environmental impact, evaluated in this work as a promising candidate for new polymer electrolytes in the PEMFCs technology. A sulfonation procedure has been tuned in order to graft sulfonic acid groups on the polymer chains (sPES) and to make it hydrophilic. Homogeneous membranes with different polymer's sulfonation degrees (SD%) have demonstrated excellent mechanical properties and very low permeability toward methanol (important in the DMFCs), even if low proton conductivity. Nanocomposite sPES membranes were prepared by dispersion of highly hydrophilic lamellar particles such as layered double hydroxide (LDH) in the polymer. Deep investigations performed by a combination of PFG-NMR, EIS, XRD, DMA, and scanning electron microscopy have evidenced the exfoliation of the lamellae in polymer matrix. However, a certain anisotropy was evidenced both in the morphology and molecular diffusion, favored in the longitudinal direction (parallel to surface), while completely inhibited in the cross-section. This finding is most likely induced by the polymer structure, therefore particular attention must be paid to the choice of the filler and preparation of the composites.

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Section: Spes-ldh Nanocomposite Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Spes-ldh Nanocomposite Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Toward optimization of a robust low‐cost sulfonated‐polyethersulfone containing layered double hydroxide for PEM fuel cells

Simari

Vecchio

Enotiadis

et al. 2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…This is mostly due to sluggish activity of PtRu for the methanol oxidation and methanol permeation through the polymer membrane. Since the discovery of perfluorinated Nafion ® in the late 1960 , considerable works focused on improving methanol Nafion‐based composite membranes and developing cheaper products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Materials and Flow Field Design for Middle‐Temperature Direct Methanol Fuel Cell with Low Cathode Pressure

et al. 2019

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A partially fluorinated polyether ionomer (SFS) has been prepared and blended with partially fluorinated polybenzimidazole (F6‐PBI), yielding acid‐base blend membranes with different weight ratios of the blend components. Best membranes in terms of conductivity and mechanical stability were characterized towards their solubility in methanol at high pressure and temperature as well as their ex situ and in situ conductivity. Optimized acid‐base SFS‐PBI blend membrane and carbon‐supported Pt3Pd cathode catalyst were then tested in several DMFC cell designs. The results from preliminary membrane electrode assembly (MEA) tests turned out to be completely scalable from 25 cm2 up to 100 cm2 active area in a single‐cell configuration set‐up. During ultimate test in a 100 cm2 4‐cell DMFC stack at 130 °C, a maximal power of about 60 W was yielded with methanol feed of 2.8 bar and air feed close to ambient pressure. This was possible due to repeated reduction of channel cross‐section geometry combined with forced convection effects that led to enhanced oxygen transport at rib/GDE interface and higher catalyst utilization in starve zones.

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“…LDHs have attracted considerable attention due to their tunable and versatile properties, such as high bound water content, high anion exchange capacity, reactive surface, pH‐dependent solubility, low‐toxicity, and low cost. Hence, they have various applications in different fields , including controlled release of drugs, soil remediation, adsorbents, mechanical reinforcement, fire‐retardants, luminescent materials, electrochemical materials, and packaging materials. However, to the best of our knowledge, the incorporation of LDHs into AEMs for fuel cells has scarcely been reported , even if the ionic conductivity of LDHs can achieve the order of 10 −3 S cm −1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quaternized polysulfone‐based nanocomposite membranes and improved properties by intercalated layered double hydroxide

Liang

Wan

Zuo

et al. 2017

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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Two anions (dodecylbenzenesulfonate anion and stearate anion) are employed to synthesize intercalated layered double hydroxides (LDH) by co-precipitation method. Then the intercalated LDHs are incorporated in the casting solutions of chloromethylated polysulfone (CMPSF) for fabricating quaternized polysulfone/LDH nanocomposite membranes. Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and mastersizer laser particle size analysis are used to characterize the structure and morphology of LDHs and membranes. The properties of the composite membranes including water uptake, mechanical property, thermal stability, and ionic conductivity are investigated. Compared with other anion exchange membranes, both nanocomposite membranes containing 5% LDH sheets displayed better balanced performance. They exhibit the ionic conductivity of 3.58 3 10 22 S cm 21 and 3.86 3 10 22 S cm 21 at 608C, respectively. POLYM. ENG. SCI.,

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Methanol and proton transport in layered double hydroxide and smectite clay-based composites: influence on the electrochemical behavior of direct methanol fuel cells at intermediate temperatures

Cited by 26 publications

References 24 publications

Toward optimization of a robust low‐cost sulfonated‐polyethersulfone containing layered double hydroxide for PEM fuel cells

Toward optimization of a robust low‐cost sulfonated‐polyethersulfone containing layered double hydroxide for PEM fuel cells

New Materials and Flow Field Design for Middle‐Temperature Direct Methanol Fuel Cell with Low Cathode Pressure

Quaternized polysulfone‐based nanocomposite membranes and improved properties by intercalated layered double hydroxide

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