Methanol carboxylation over zirconium dioxide: Effect of catalyst phase composition on its acid‐base spectrum and direction of catalytic transformations

Abstract

The effect of ZrO 2 calcination temperature on its structure and acid-base characteristics was investigated to elucidate their relation to catalytic behaviour in methanol carboxylation. Varying the calcination temperature causes changes in ZrO 2 phase composition and acid-base characteristics. The base properties of ZrO 2 play a prominent role in dimethyl carbonate synthesis. Strong base sites (E CO2 > 78 kJ/mol) are needed to activate СО 2 . Tetragonal modification of zirconium dioxide has a higher basicity than the monoclinic. Thus, the greater the contribution of t-ZrO 2 in the catalyst, the greater its ability to activate СО 2 and therefore result in higher catalytic activity for methanol carboxylation. DMC selectivity was determined by the ratio of catalyst base site to acid site concentration.

CO<sub>2</sub> Hydrogenation for Ethanol Production: A Thermodynamic Analysis

“…For the processes of CO 2 hydrogenation and CO+DME hydrogenation to synthesize ethanol, according to the reaction mechanism in Figure 1 and the equation (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13) in Table 1, the determined components and their codes of the reaction system were respectively as follows: CO 2 , CO, H 2 , H 2 O, CH 3 OH (MeOH), CH 3 OCH 3 (DME), C 2 H 5 OH (EtOH), CH 3 COOCH 3 (MA), CH 3 CHO (AH) and CH 4 . Figure 2 shows the effects of reaction conditions on CO 2 /(CO+DME) hydrogenated products containing methane.…”

“…Methanol synthesis by CO 2 hydrogenation is an effective way to transform CO 2 in industry [6][7][8][9][10]. According to the reaction mechanism, the produced methanol can be further dehydrated to produce dimethyl ether, which can break the thermodynamic equilibrium of methanol synthesis and inhibit the side reaction through the produced water [11][12][13][14].…”

Synthesis of diethyl carbonate from ethanol through different routes: A thermodynamic and comparative analysis

“…[5,6] DEC synthesis also serves the purpose of sequestration of CO 2 on which many efforts have been already reported. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] A comparison on essential properties of all three compounds along with diesel is shown in Table 1.…”

How do you write and present research well? 14—Favour images over text in graphical abstracts

“…Among the 10 GAs, Figure is the simplest drawing with the least text but is also among the GAs that conveys the most information. The adjacent text window complements the GA well.…”

“…The contribution of promotes catalytic activity in methanol carboxylation. Title: “Methanol Carboxylation over Zirconium Dioxide: Effect of Catalyst Phase Composition on its Acid‐Base Spectrum and Direction of Catalytic Transformations.”…”