Methanol electro-oxidation on a porous nanostructured Ni/Pd-Ni electrode in alkaline media

Hosseini, Mir Ghasem; Abdolmaleki, Mehdi; Ashrafpoor, Sajjad

doi:10.1016/s1872-2067(12)60643-3

Cited by 39 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…These characteristics make alcohols attractive liquid fuels for the majority of promising alternative power sources for transportation, portable electronics and stationary applications . The most common DAFC is the direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) and several works in the recent years have been performed on the electron oxidation of methanol and ethanol .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycerol and Methanol Electro‐oxidation at Pt/C‐ITO under Alkaline Condition

et al. 2016

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Thec ontinued reduction of fossil fuels together with the more stringent environmental protection legislation has been the focal point for the search for alternative energy sources. Fuel cell technology has obtained increasing attention as it can directly convert chemical energy from fuel into electrical energy,w ithout combustion, at high efficiencya nd low pollution [1,2].R ecently,d irect alcohol fuel cells (DAFCs)h ave attracted enormous attentionf or their high energy density,e fficiency, simple operation at room temperature and simple storage of liquid fuels and fuel purification [ 3,4].DAFCs efficiencies are vary according to specific characteristics,b eing the choice of the fuel, anode catalyst and, corresponding catalyst support of utmost importance [5,6].T hese characteristics makea lcohols attractive liquid fuels for the majorityo fp romising alternative power sources for transportation, portable electronics and stationary applications [7].T he most common DAFC is the direct methanolf uel cell (DMFC) and severalw orks in the recent years have been performed on the electron oxidation of methanol [8] and ethanol [9][10][11].Recently,g lycerol has emerged as ap otential fuel to feed anodes of DAFCs,d irect glycerolf uel cell (DGFC), due to its high theoretical energya nd availability,s ince it is am assive co-product of biodiesel fabrication [12].I mproved alcohol oxidation kinetics in the electrolyte can also be facilitated in the alkalinem edia rather than in the acid media. This can help to overcomet he kineticc onstraintsi nt he alcohol oxidation for operating DAFCs [13,14].O ne of the most criticalp oints of DAFCs performance are the electrocatalysts,d ue to this,m uch effort has been devoted to the development of new materials in order to overcome this problem.Pt-basede lectrocatalysts are the most universal type applied in DAFCs because they have high catalytica ctivity,g ood chemical stability and large currentd ensity.A lthough, theya lso have certain limitations such as high cost, easy poisoning by the adsorbed reaction intermediates [3],a mong other factors.A nother approachf or improving the Pt efficiency has been the search of different support materials that may be appliedf or electrocatalysts synthesis.C arbon nanomaterials with several shapesa nd structures such as nanostructured, carbon black, carbon nanofibers,m esoporousc arbon and carbon nanotubes, have been used as support for metal nanoparticles improving their electrocatalytic performance [15].OrdóÇez et al. [16] prepared aP te lectrocatalyst supported ontom ulti-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) for direct ethanol fuel cell (DEFC)a pplication. Thea uthors described that CNTsi ncreased the activity of the Pt electrocatalyst and, in as ingle fuel cell tests occurred Abstract:Aphysical mixture composed by carbon Vulcan XC 72 and indiumt in oxide( ITO) with different ratios (85 :15; 50 :50; 85 :15) was used as support for platinum nanoparticles synthesis by borohydride reduction method. Thecharacterization of thiselectrocatalyst was pe...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycerol and Methanol Electro‐oxidation at Pt/C‐ITO under Alkaline Condition

et al. 2016

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“…In an alkaline medium, hydroxide ions are also present that can easily get absorbed to cause methanol oxidation even at lower potential. [164][165][166][167][168] To further take the advantages of alkaline media, the use of alkaline membranes in place of alkaline solutions should be considered. There are also many potential advantages of alkaline membrane that have been previously reported in literatures.…”

Section: Type Of Electrolyte (Acidic and Alkaline Media)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive and critical review on recent progress in anode catalyst for methanol oxidation reaction

2020

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The synthesis of anode electrocatalyst with high activity and durability for methanol oxidation reaction has been one of the main focuses of researchers in recent years. Several works are reviewed in this paper to summarize and compare the performance of electrocatalysts comprising of noble and non-noble metals. The effect of manipulating catalysts by introducing nanostructured morphology, metal alloys, support materials, acidic or basic electrolyte, and synthesis methods are also examined. The paper finally concludes with details of challenges that are generally faced in making direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) a reliable source of energy for future prospects, and the approach to be taken to reduce the complexity in synthesizing new generations of anode electrocatalysts.

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“…Many other papers reporting bimetallic or tri-metallic, solid or hollow nanoparticles, prepared by galvanic replacement and tested as MOR anodes, have appeared in the literature; examples include Pt(Co) [220][221][222], Pt(Fe) [223], Pt(Au) [224], Pt-Pd(Cu) [225], Pt(Cu 2 O) [226], Pd-Ni(Ni) [227] and Pt(Ag) [228][229][230][231][232] nanoparticles.…”

Section: Methanol Formic Acid and Ethanol Oxidationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrocatalysts Prepared by Galvanic Replacement

et al. 2017

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Galvanic replacement is the spontaneous replacement of surface layers of a metal, M, by a more noble metal, M noble , when the former is treated with a solution containing the latter in ionic form, according to the general replacement reaction: nM + mM noble n+ → nM m+ + mM noble. The reaction is driven by the difference in the equilibrium potential of the two metal/metal ion redox couples and, to avoid parasitic cathodic processes such as oxygen reduction and (in some cases) hydrogen evolution too, both oxygen levels and the pH must be optimized. The resulting bimetallic material can in principle have a M noble-rich shell and M-rich core (denoted as M noble (M)) leading to a possible decrease in noble metal loading and the modification of its properties by the underlying metal M. This paper reviews a number of bimetallic or ternary electrocatalytic materials prepared by galvanic replacement for fuel cell, electrolysis and electrosynthesis reactions. These include oxygen reduction, methanol, formic acid and ethanol oxidation, hydrogen evolution and oxidation, oxygen evolution, borohydride oxidation, and halide reduction. Methods for depositing the precursor metal M on the support material (electrodeposition, electroless deposition, photodeposition) as well as the various options for the support are also reviewed. 1. Principle of Galvanic Replacement/Deposition 1.1. Thermodynamic Considerations When a metal, M (e.g., Cu, Fe, Co, Ni, Al, etc.), is immersed in a solution containing ions of a more noble metal, M noble n+ (e.g., Pt, Au, Pd, Ag, Ru, Ir, Rh, Os, etc.-i.e., a metal with a higher standard potential) then, due to the difference in their standard electrochemical potentials, E 0 noble − E 0 > 0, and provided that the ionic form of M is stable under the given experimental conditions (of temperatue, pH, complexing agents etc.), the following reaction is thermodynamically favored and can take place spontaneously: M noble n+ + n/m M → M noble + n/m M m+ (1) This reaction, which bears similarities with transmetalation reactions between metal complexes [1] and is also known as immersion plating [2] in the plating industry and galvanic replacement [3] in materials chemistry, can be considered to originate from the coupling of the following two half-reactions: M noble n+ + ne − ↔ M noble (E 0 noble) (2) M m+ + me − ↔ M (E 0) (3)

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Methanol electro-oxidation on a porous nanostructured Ni/Pd-Ni electrode in alkaline media

Cited by 39 publications

References 41 publications

Glycerol and Methanol Electro‐oxidation at Pt/C‐ITO under Alkaline Condition

Glycerol and Methanol Electro‐oxidation at Pt/C‐ITO under Alkaline Condition

A comprehensive and critical review on recent progress in anode catalyst for methanol oxidation reaction

Electrocatalysts Prepared by Galvanic Replacement

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