Methanol poisoning during COVID-19 pandemic; A systematic scoping review

Mousavi‐Roknabadi, Razieh Sadat; Arzhangzadeh, Melika; Safaei-Firouzabadi, Hosain; Mousavi-Roknabadi, Reyhaneh Sadat; Sharifi, Mehrdad; Fathi, Nazanin; Jelyani, Najmeh Zarei; Mokdad, Mojtaba

doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2021.11.026

Cited by 32 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Abnormality in ALT, AST, and PT was seen in most patients that indicate liver damage because methanol can damage hepatocytes [21]; males and females were equal in the test results that indicate no differences in hepatic damage between males and females. In this study and some other studies, it has been shown that the mortality due to methanol poisoning increased during the COV-ID-19 period compared to the pre-COVID-19 period [22].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Patients Who Died of Methanol Toxicity During COVID 19 Period in Loghman-e Hakim Hospital in Tehran

Shadnia

Arani

Bahmani

et al. 2022

IJMTFM

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Background: Outbreaks of methanol poisoning were observed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Acute methanol poisoning is a global crisis. Methanol can cause acute and fatal toxicity through metabolic acidosis. In the present study, we evaluated demographic, clinical, and paraclinical characteristics of patients who died in the recent outbreak of methanol poisoning in Tehran from March to April 2020. Methods: This cross-sectional study was accomplished at the Loghman-Hakim Hospital in Tehran on 80 patients who died of methanol toxicity. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected retrospectively from the patient’s files and analyzed with appropriate statistical tests. Results: Men were significantly more involved than women (%85 vs. %15). There were no significant differences between other characteristics of male and female patients, including the time between consumption to arrive hospital, dialysis sessions, pulse rate, respiratory rate, loss of consciousness, seizure, acute kidney injury, brain CT, and Intracerebral Hemorrhage ( ICH). Blood sugar, serum potassium, and liver function tests were higher than average in most of the patients. Conclusion: Our study showed that this outbreak of methanol poisoning was due to the use of alcoholic drinks that contain methanol. Men were primarily affected that could be because of the cultural and social status of our country. The greater seizure probability in females could be because of enhancing the NMDA receptor by estrogen. Abnormalities in Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), and Prothrombin Time (PT) were seen in most patients, indicating liver damage. Misbeliefs about the protective effects of alcohol consumption against COVID-19 may lead many to consume poorly made alcohols that contain methanol and outbreaks of methanol intoxication.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Patients Who Died of Methanol Toxicity During COVID 19 Period in Loghman-e Hakim Hospital in Tehran

Shadnia

Arani

Bahmani

et al. 2022

IJMTFM

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show abstract

“…As far as we know, this study reports the highest number of methanol poisoning cases in a single center in the world addressing the trend of alcohol intoxication before and after COVID-19 pandemic 29 , 30 . Based on our results, a rough twofold increase is detected in the number of alcohol poisoned cases during the pandemic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

An interrupted time series analysis of hospital admissions due to alcohol intoxication during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Tehran, Iran

Hadeiy

Zamani

McDonald

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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The COVID-19 outbreak affected mental health globally. One of the major concerns following the COVID-19 pandemic was increased incidence of risky behaviors including alcohol consumption. This study evaluates the trend of alcohol poisoning in Loghman-Hakim Hospital (LHH), the main referral center of poisoning in Tehran, during the 2-year period from 1 year prior to 1 year after the onset (February 23rd, 2020) of the COVID-19 epidemic in Iran. All patients admitted with alcohol intoxication from February 23rd, 2019 to February 22nd, 2021 were evaluated and patient data extracted from LHH electronic hospital records. Alcohols were categorized as toxic (methyl alcohol) and non-toxic (ethyl alcohol). Of 2483 patients admitted, 796/14,493 (5.49%) and 1687/13,883 (12.15%) had been hospitalized before and after the onset of the COVID-19 epidemic in Iran, respectively. In total, 140 patients did not survive, of whom 131 (93.6%) were confirmed to have methanol intoxication. Mortality was significantly higher during the outbreak (127 vs 13; P < 0.001; OR: 4.90; CI 95%: 2.75 to 8.73). Among the patients, 503 were younger than age 20. Trend of alcohol intoxication showed increases in children (57 vs 17) and adolescents (246 vs 183) when compared before and after the COVID-19 epidemic outbreak. A total of 955 patients were diagnosed with methanol toxicity which occurred more frequently during the COVID-19 era (877 vs 78; P < 0.001; OR: 10.00; CI 95%: 7.75 to12.82). Interrupted time series analysis (April 2016–February 2021) showed that in the first month of the COVID-19 epidemic (March 2020), there was a significant increase in the alcohol intoxication rate by 13.76% (P < 0.02, CI = [2.42–24.91]). The trend of alcohol intoxication as well as resulting mortality increased in all age groups during the COVID-19 epidemic in Iran, indicating urgent need for the prevention of high-risk alcohol use as well as improved treatment.

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“…This report also highlighted the misconception about drinking alcohol-based drinks could be preventive for COVID-19 which caused to increase in cases of methanol poisoning. Moreover, the psychological aspect was assessed in this report as remaining home for a long time might be caused to increase alcohol consumption [72]. According to another report that was reported from Iran suggested that the largest toxic alcohol outbreak was observed in the history of Iran due to COVID-19, which was more than 2500 in a month [11].…”

Section: Alcohol Abusementioning

confidence: 95%

PPublic Health Impacts of Exposure to Disinfectants, Therapeutics, and Illicit Substances During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Reıs¹,

ÇÖLDÜR²

2022

Hacettepe University Journal of the Faculty of Pharmacy

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The SARS-CoV-2 virus spread rapidly, infecting over a hundred million people worldwide; thus, it has been called the COVID-19 pandemic, in which it is very important to wear a protective mask, wash hands properly, obey social distance rules, and use disinfectants to protect ourselves against infection. Therefore, the consumption of cleaning agents such as disinfectants, surface cleaners, and bleach has increased during the pandemic. Misuse of these substances such as drinking or gargling of cleaners and excessive use has led to many poisoning cases and even deaths. In addition, quarantine and stay-at-home orders during the pandemic caused people to could not socialize and feel dissociated. Moreover, due to the economic problems, many people became unemployed, which affected substance abuse and alcohol consumption frequency, thus poisoning cases as well. This article aimed to review how the COVID-19 was affected the disinfectant or cleaner-induced poisoning cases and the public health impacts between the drug or substance abuse due to pandemic.

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Methanol poisoning during COVID-19 pandemic; A systematic scoping review

Cited by 32 publications

References 42 publications

Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Patients Who Died of Methanol Toxicity During COVID 19 Period in Loghman-e Hakim Hospital in Tehran

Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Patients Who Died of Methanol Toxicity During COVID 19 Period in Loghman-e Hakim Hospital in Tehran

An interrupted time series analysis of hospital admissions due to alcohol intoxication during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Tehran, Iran

PPublic Health Impacts of Exposure to Disinfectants, Therapeutics, and Illicit Substances During the COVID-19 Pandemic

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