Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Clonal Complex 398 as a Major MRSA Lineage in Dogs and Cats in Thailand

Chueahiran, Surawit; Yindee, Jitrapa; Boonkham, Pongthai; Suanpairintr, Nipattra; Chanchaithong, Pattrarat

doi:10.3390/antibiotics10030243

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…It has not yet been determined with certainty that this level of MRSA colonization is acquired by MRSA from pets [ 21 ]. Data from molecular typing studies show that veterinarians have infected small animals with a preponderance of related MRSA clones [ 122 ].…”

Section: Public Health Concernmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pet animals as reservoirs for spreading methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus to human health

Khairullah¹,

Sudjarwo²,

Effendi³

et al. 2023

J Adv Vet Anim Res

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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a strain of pathogenic bacteria that is a major problem in the world’s health. Due to their frequent interaction with humans, pets are one of the main risk factors for the spread of MRSA. The possibility for zoonotic transmission exists since frequently kept dogs and cats are prone to contract MRSA and act as reservoirs for spreading MRSA. The mouth, nose, and perineum are the primary locations of MRSA colonization, according to the findings of MRSA identification tests conducted on pets. The types of MRSA clones identified in cats and dogs correlated with MRSA clones infecting humans living in the same geographic area. A significant risk factor for the colonization or transmission of MRSA is human-pet contact. An essential step in preventing the spread of MRSA from humans to animals and from animals to humans is to keep hands, clothing, and floor surfaces clean.

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Section: Public Health Concernmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pet animals as reservoirs for spreading methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus to human health

Khairullah¹,

Sudjarwo²,

Effendi³

et al. 2023

J Adv Vet Anim Res

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“…Ceballos et al [38] identified a new LA-MRSA lineage, the type (ST) 398 sequence that is in the CC398 grouping, which is now often found in livestock and domestic animals and infects humans. Thus, LA-MRSA-associated farm and domesticated animals with the CC398 clonal complex are starting to be widely reported globally [39], in horses [40], cattle [41], poultry [42], dogs [43], and cats [44].…”

Section: La-mrsamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 1989, LA-MRSA was first identified in a mare with metritis in Japan [10]. Since then, several investigators have identified the presence of LA-MRSA among horses in America, Europe, and Asia, with slight differences in the prevalence rates between regions [21,43,[45][46][47][48][49]. In several cases of LA-MRSA infection in horses, clones that differ from those found in normal livestock and domestic animals have been identified, namely, the CC8 clonal complex, which was previously associated with HA-MRSA infection in the hospital [21,47,48,50].…”

Section: La-mrsa In Horsementioning

confidence: 99%

A review of horses as a source of spreading livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus to human health

et al. 2022

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Livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) was first discovered in horses in 1989. Since then, LA-MRSA has begun to be considered an important strain of pathogenic bacteria in horses, which can cause LA-MRSA infection and colonization in humans with public health impacts. The anterior nares are the primary site of LA-MRSA colonization in horses, although LA-MRSA colonization may also occur in the gastrointestinal tract in horses. LA-MRSA-infected horses typically exhibit clinical infection or may not exhibit clinical infection. There are two potential risks associated with LA-MRSA colonization in horses: The possibility of disease development in horses infected with LA-MRSA and the possibility of LA-MRSA transfer to humans and other horses. The diagnosis of LA-MRSA in horses can be made by conducting in vitro sensitivity testing for oxacillin and cefoxitin, and then followed by a molecular test using polymerase chain reaction. LA-MRSA transmission in animal hospitals and on farms is most likely due to contact with horses infected or colonized by LA-MRSA. The history of prior antibiotic administration, history of prior LA-MRSA colonization, and length of equine hospitalization were described as risk factors in cases of infection and colonization of LA-MRSA in horses. Nebulized antibiotics may be a viable alternative to use in horses, but nebulized antibiotics are only used in horses that are persistently colonized with LA-MRSA. Controlling the spread of LA-MRSA in horses can be done by regularly washing horses, eradicating vectors in horse stalls such as rats, and maintaining the cleanliness of the stable and animal hospital environment. Meanwhile, cleaning hands, using gloves, and donning protective clothes are ways that humans can prevent the transmission of LA-MRSA when handling horses. This review will explain the definition of LA-MRSA in general, LA-MRSA in horses, the epidemiology of LA-MRSA in horses, the diagnosis of LA-MRSA in horses, the transmission of LA-MRSA in horses, risk factors for spreading LA-MRSA in horses, public health impact, treatment of LA-MRSA infection in horses, and control of the spread of LA-MRSA in horses.

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“…CC22, CC30, CC5) and LA‐MRSA (e.g. CC398) clones have been widely reported (Aires‐de‐Sousa, 2017 ; Chueahiran et al, 2021 ; Gómez‐Sanz, Torres, Lozano, et al, 2013 ; Ma, Worthing, Gottlieb, et al, 2020 ; Quitoco et al, 2013 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nasal Staphylococcus aureus and S. pseudintermedius carriage in healthy dogs and cats: a systematic review of their antibiotic resistance, virulence and genetic lineages of zoonotic relevance

Abdullahi

Zarazaga

Campaña-Burguet

et al. 2022

Journal of Applied Microbiology

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The molecular ecology of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and their methicillin‐resistant strains in healthy dogs and cats could serve as good models to understand the concept of bacterial zoonosis due to animal companionship. This study aims to provide insights into pooled prevalence, genetic lineages, virulence and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among healthy dogs and cats. Original research and brief communication articles published from 2001 to 2021 that reported the nasal detection of S. aureus and S. pseudintermedius in healthy dogs and cats in the community, homes and outside veterinary clinics were examined and analysed. Forty‐nine studies were eligible and included in this systematic review. The pooled prevalence of nasal carriage of S. aureus/methicillin‐resistant S. aureus (MRSA) in healthy dogs and cats were 10.9% (95% CI: 10.1–11.9)/2.8% (95% CI: 2.4–3.2) and 3.2% (95% CI: 1.9–4.8)/0.5% (95% CI: 0.0–1.1), respectively. Conversely, the pooled prevalence of S. pseudintermedius/methicillin‐resistant S. pseudintermedius (MRSP) in healthy dogs and cats were 18.3% (95% CI: 17.1–19.7)/3.1% (95% CI: 2.5–3.7) and 1.3% (95% CI: 0.6–2.4)/1.2% (95% CI: 0.6–2.3), respectively. Although highly diverse genetic lineages of S. aureus were detected in healthy dogs and cats, MSSA‐CC1/CC5/CC22/CC45/CC121/CC398 and MRSA‐CC5/CC93/CC22/CC30 were mostly reported in dogs; and MSSA‐CC5/CC8/CC15/CC48 and MRSA‐CC22/CC30/CC80 in cats. Of note, MSSA‐CC398 isolates (spa‐types t034 and t5883) were detected in dogs. Genetic lineages often associated with MSSP/MRSP were ST20/ST71, highlighting the frequent detection of the epidemic European MRSP‐ST71 clone in dogs. S. aureus isolates carrying the luk‐S/F‐PV, tst, eta, etb and etd genes were seldomly detected in dogs, and luk‐S/F‐PV was the unique virulence factor reported in isolates of cats. S. pseudintermedius isolates harbouring the luk‐S/F‐I, seint and expA genes were frequently found, especially in dogs. High and diverse rates of AMR were noted, especially among MRSA/MRSP isolates. There is a need for additional studies on the molecular characterization of isolates from countries with under‐studied nasal staphylococci isolates.

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Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Clonal Complex 398 as a Major MRSA Lineage in Dogs and Cats in Thailand

Cited by 10 publications

References 55 publications

Pet animals as reservoirs for spreading methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus to human health

Pet animals as reservoirs for spreading methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus to human health

A review of horses as a source of spreading livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus to human health

Nasal Staphylococcus aureus and S. pseudintermedius carriage in healthy dogs and cats: a systematic review of their antibiotic resistance, virulence and genetic lineages of zoonotic relevance

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